Director,
T.E.(Terry)
Manning,
Schoener 50,
1771 ED
Wieringerwerf,
The Netherlands.
Tel:
0031-227-604128
Homepage:
http://www.flowman.nl
E-mail:
(nameatendofline)@xs4all.nl : bakensverzet
Incorporating
innovative social, financial, economic, local administrative and productive
structures, numerous renewable energy applications, with an important role for
women in poverty alleviation in rural and poor urban environments.
"Money is not
the key that opens the gates of the market but the bolt that bars them"
Gesell, Silvio The
Natural Economic Order
Revised English
edition, Peter Owen, London 1958, page 228
Edition 12: 03
November 2006
New Horizons for (project area) : Sustainable
integrated development in the (project area) in the (region) of (host country)
Incorporating hygiene education, drinking water supply and sanitation through
the formation of local self-managed social, financial and productive
structures.
Villages |
Inhabitants |
Litres/day |
Boreholes/wells |
Hand-pumps |
Solar pumps |
Watts installed |
27071 |
0781 |
19 |
057 |
120 |
036000 |
|
20424 |
0515 |
13 |
039 |
069 |
020700 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
47495 |
1296 |
32 |
96 |
189 |
56700 |
Total eligible cost of the action :< EUR 5.000.000 >
Contribution requested from (name of funding agency or donor): < EUR
3.707.150 >
% of the total eligible cost of the action requested: 74,143 %
Duration of the action: 24
months.
Global objectives:
Sustainable integrated development through the
formation of innovative social, financial and productive structures and
services for the benefit of all of the inhabitants in the project area,
including but not limited to the
provision of hygiene education, drinking water and sanitation facilities.
Specific objectives:
An entire range of self-managed social,
financial, and productive structures and services, including but not limited to
200 Health Clubs and on-going hygiene education courses in the schools in the
project area, 200 local social structures, 35 intermediate social structures
and one management unit for the supply of distributed clean drinking water;
10000 eco-sanitation systems installed in users’ homes; 200 study rooms with
photovoltaic lighting for study purposes; 20000 improved cooking stoves
for the elimination of smoke hazards in and around homes and structures for the
production of mini-briquettes to fuel them; waste recycling structures;
cooperative local money and formal money financial structures the project
area, etc. etc
Partners:
(Usually partners are not required).
Target groups:
The entire population in the project area, being
officially (number – usually about 50.000) , estimated for the project to be
(number).
Final beneficiaries:
The entire population in the project area, being
officially (number – usually about 50.000) , estimated for the project to be
(number). Success of this pilot project in (host country) should lead to the
adoption of national development strategy in (host county) on the basis of the
principles applied for the first time there in this project.
Planned results:
200 tank commissions with solar powered
distributed drinking water systems; 35 well commissions with back-up drinking
water installations and washing places; 1 local money LETS structure; 1
interest-free micro-credit structure for productivity increase (on an
average Euro 1500 per family over ten
years); 200 Health Clubs for hygiene education and hygiene education courses in
the schools in the project area; 10000 eco-sanitation systems installed in
users’ homes (of which 1000 delivered by the close of the 24 months’ executive
period); 200 photovoltaic lighting systems for study purposes; 1 complete
system for waste recycling; 1 complete system for the manufacture and
installation of 20000 improved cooking stoves in users’ homes (elimination of
smoke hazards) and for the manufacture of mini-briquettes for them; elimination
of the consumption of wood for cooking; 10000 systems for (non potable)
rain-water harvesting for personal uses (the first systems to be delivered
before the close of the 24 months’ executive period) ; creation of about 4000
jobs.
Main activities:
Formation through a series of Moraisian
workshops of the necessary social, financial, and productive structures
necessary for the creation of a cooperative interest-free inflation-free local
economy; activities of the 200 Health Clubs set up; on-going hygiene education
lessons in the schools; the production, installation and management of 200
distributed drinking water structures for the entire population in the project
area; the production, installation and management of 10000 independent dry
composting eco-sanitation systems in users’ homes; and all of the basic
services necessary for a good quality of life in the project area, including
but not limited to the elimination of smoke hazards in and around homes, waste
recycling, and interest-free cooperative
local money and formal money micro-credit structures for productivity
increase.
Describe the general goals
and the specific goals of the action.
Long term goals:
a)To sustain on-going
improvement of the general quality of life well-being and health of the local
people.
b)To stop financial leakage
from the project area.
c)To free more human
resources for local production and development.
d)To reduce water-borne
diseases so that medical staff and financial resources can be re-directed to
other health objectives such as vaccination programmes and preventive medicine.
e)To decrease infant
mortality and promote family planning.
f)To increase literacy
levels.
g)To eliminate dependency on
fuels imported from outside the project area.
h)To help reduce
deforestation and global warming.
i)To create value added from
locally recycled non-organic solid waste.
j)To create a
"maintenance culture" to conserve the investments made.
k)To increase the local pool
of expertise so that local people can improve their sustainable well-being and
development by identifying and solving problems, including erosion, with a
minimum of outside help.
l)To create full employment
in the project area.
m) To halt the migration of
young people from the project area to shanty towns in the large cities.
Short term goals
contributing to the attainment of the long term goals:
a) To carry out a basic
hygiene education programme by establishing 200 Community Health Clubs in the
project area and promoting hygiene education courses in 40 schools.
b) To install 10000
technically appropriate sanitation systems for the people in the project area.
c) To provide 200 permanent
safe drinking water supply structures in the project area with back-up to cover
all foreseeable circumstances.
d) To make safe drinking
water available within a radius of 150-200m from users' homes.
e) To contribute to the
fight against water-related diseases through hygiene education, the supply of
appropriate sanitation and clean drinking water systems.
f) To reduce the work load
on women including but not limited to elimination of the need to fetch water
and firewood.
g) To provide for the
continuity of health, sanitation and drinking water systems by establishing
appropriate institutional management and maintenance structures.
h) To enable students and
others especially women who wish to study in the evening to do so in 200 study
rooms with photovoltaic lighting.
i) To avoid the need to
import wood into the local system and reduce CO2 emissions in the project area
and qualify for CER certificates under the Kyoto treaty.
j) To introduce 20000
efficient bio-mass fuelled means of cooking to eliminate smoke hazards in
users’ homes and solar cookers for daytime applications.
k) To create added value
through recycling of organic and non-organic waste.
l) To keep available
financial resources (LETS money and formal money) revolving within the
beneficiary communities.
m) To stimulate on-going
local industrial and agricultural development through the use of local currency
(LETS) and micro-credit systems.
n) To create large-scale,
indicatively 4000, job opportunities.
o) Eliminate the importation of fertilisers into the project area through
the local recycling of organic wastes.
(Supply the following information: )
(a) relevance of the action in relation to the
objectives of the fund or programme under which the application for finance is
made.
This proposal refers to decisions taken in
connection with ( example : Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) adopted in 2000
with a purpose of reducing the part of the world population without sustainable
access to clean drinking water by 50% by
2015) and the decisions taken during (example: the World Summit on Sustainable
Development (WSSD) held in Johannesburg in 2002 with a purpose of reducing the
part of the world population without sustainable access to sustainable
sanitation by 50% and promoting efficient integrated structures for the
management of water resources.)
(Name of country hosting the proposed project)
is recognised as being one of the poorest countries in the world. The number of
people there with access to clean drinking water and sanitation facilities is
very low, particularly in rural areas, where the proportion of people with
access to clean drinking water is less than (10%), and that with access to
sanitation facilities is less than (2%).
(Give
a short paragraph of not more than 10 lines, describing the National Plan for
Access to Clean Drinking Water and Sanitation in:
(The
host country)
(The
region where the project area is situated)
(The
project area)
It is clear from the foregoing analysis, that
so long as traditional concepts of development are followed, the task of
supplying clean drinking water and sanitation facilities to the people in the
project area and of promoting their general development so as to ensure them a
good quality of life is a very difficult, if not impossible one. New integrated
development concepts are needed to ensure that the people enjoy a complete
range of services essential to a good quality of life. A powerful local general
mobilisation of the people in the project area is needed. The formal money cost
of the mobilisation must be very low.
The project (New Horizons for (name of project
area)) will have a pilot function. Acceptance of the concepts applied in the
project as basis for a strategic plan for sustainable integrated development at
national level in (name of host country) would involve setting up about
(number, being the population of the host country divided by 50.000) . The
importance of this first project in
(name of country) is then evident. If successful, poverty could be eliminated
in (the host country) within a few years, in any case by 2015.
(b) relevance
of the action in relation to the priorities of the Fund or programme under
which the application for finance is being made.
The proposal is based on the improvement of the
quality of life of all of the inhabitants in the project area, without
exclusion, and in particular of that of women, children, and the poorest. The
people themselves, and in particular the women, are mobilised to create
thousands (about four thousand) of sustainable jobs. They set a full range of
local social, financial and productive structures. The project is therefore not
limited to drinking water supply and sanitation. It also covers, by way of
example, structures for hygiene education for women and in schools, autonomous
recycling at local level of organic and non-organic wastes, local money systems, interest-free
micro-credit structures productivity development, structures for the local
production of most of the items necessary for the basic services in question,
communication systems, lighting for study purposes, local production of high
efficiency stoves to eliminate smoke and health hazards in and around users’
homes, and the production of mini-briquettes for use with the stoves, and
structures at household level for the harvesting of rainwater. The drinking
water structures are the ones requiring the highest formal currency investment,
as they contain elements which are not susceptible to local manufacture under
the structures set up by the project.
The proposal responds to the goals of and the
principles behind the tender in a particularly innovative way. It provides for
the development of numerous permanent physical and sustainable social,
financial, and productive structures which all become the property of the
inhabitants themselves, in the management of which women play a dominating
role. The inhabitants participate in the
planning, execution and management of the project structures. They sustainably
organise, run, and maintain all of the structures set up at their own cost. The
monthly contribution (usually Euro 0,60-0,75 per person) paid by each family
into the Cooperative Local Development Fund covers the entire range of services
offered, and is affordable even to the poorest families, who benefit from a
three tiered social. Security system itself integrated into the project
structures. Sustainable hygiene education, drinking water, eco-sanitation
systems at household level and structures for the recycling of organic and
non-organic waste and for the elimination of smoke hazards inside users’ homes
improve the conditions of health in the project area, and in particular that of
women and children. Elimination of the use of wood for cooking leads to a
reduction in CO2 emissions and to the protection of forests and the environment
in general. The project sets up a complete, voluntary, cooperative,
interest-free, inflation-free local economic environment entirely managed by
the community itself.
(c)Identification of the perceived needs and
limitations in the host country.
The people in (the project area) do not enjoy adequate
hygiene education, sanitation or clean drinking water and. In this respect the
situation in the project area is critical.
In rural areas in (the host country), most people
(percentage) use up to 30 litres per person per day of surface waters from
rivers or ponds. Some people (percentage) have open wells. A few (percentage)
have access to boreholes. Water from the same source is used for all
applications (as drinking water for washing clothes, cooking, animal watering
etc). (Percentage) of child deaths are due to diarrhoea- related infections.
(Describe water –related illnesses and their incidence in the project area,
quote where possible national health and/or World Health Organisation
statistics).
Women and children often have to carry water over
several (how many) kilometres from contaminated sources to their houses. Much
time is wasted fetching dirty water which is then usually drunk with all its
pathogens without treatment and without being boiled. The way water is provided
has other social implications too. The time and effort spent by women on
fetching water could be used to improve
the living conditions of their families in other ways.
Drinking water bought from water sellers costs (price)
for a bucket containing (15) litres. Poor families cannot usually pay this
amount, and are forced to fetch water from contaminated sources, if they exist.
Water is stored in (describe jars or jerry cans) generally without lids. These
containers are often badly maintained. The water in them is replaced (times per
week) using (instruments and their cleanliness).
Poor water quality throughout the project area
spreads diseases such as (name the diseases). The cost of the fighting often
deadly water-related diseases takes up a large slice of the family incomes. A
goal of the project is to reduce water-borne disease so medical and financial
resources can be re-directed to other health objectives like vaccination
programmes and preventive medicines. Resulting diseases also affect the quality
of life and the productivity of the people.
Supply of readily accessible clean drinking
water for personal and household use should improve the health of the whole
population and ease the pressure of work on women.
The project includes gypsum composite production units whose first job will be to
make water storage tanks and well linings for the project. The project will
provide at least 25 litres of distributed clean drinking water per person per
day, plus a back-up supply of another 25 litres of clean drinking water at the
(40) well sites, plus up to 25 litres per person per day of non-potable water
for personal uses from rain-water harvesting systems placed in users’ houses.
(d) List of target groups and the estimated
number of direct and indirect beneficiaries.
All of the inhabitants in the project area,
estimated to be 50.000, are both direct and indirect beneficiaries of the
project.
The monthly contribution made by each family
into the Cooperative Local Development Fund amounts to about Euro 0,60 to Euro
0,75 per person per month. It is enough to cover the full range of services
offered by the project and is within the reach of even the poorest families in
the community. For them, the elderly, the sick and the handicapped, a
three-tiered social security support structure integrated is provided, both in
relation to payments of their local money obligations and of their formal money
obligations under the project. Health conditions, in particular those of women
and children, are improved through the hygiene education clubs and hygiene
education courses in schools, the supply of clean drinking water and
eco-sanitation facilities at household level, the local recycling of organic
and non-organic waste, and the elimination of smoke hazards in users’ homes.
Elimination of the need to use wood for cooking brings with it a strong
reduction in CO2 emissions and to the
sustainable protection of forests and nature reserves in the project area.
The project sets up a complete voluntary cooperative interest-free
inflation-free local economy system which is managed by the community itself.
The local economy systems does not act as a substitute for the existing formal
money system. It operates peacefully and in harmony with the formal money
system. Users choose whether they prefer to conduct a given transaction under
the framework of the local money system set up, or under the formal money
system.
(e) Reasons for the choice of the target
groups and proposed activities.
The concepts of integrated development adopted
in this project do not provide selection of target groups. The project area for
this action has been chosen because of the poverty of the inhabitants and the
known presence in the project area of extensive gypsum deposits. The number of
beneficiaries is sociological in nature. It is determined by the basic
relationship of an individual with a group. The group must be large enough to
offer a good choice of local products and services to the consumers, and a
market which is large enough to allow for specialised production of goods and
services. At the same time the size of the group must remain comprehensible to
the individual, who must be able to associate with and feel an integrated part
of the group. The individual should be able to personally know the
administrative organs of the group and to participate personally in their
activities. These conditions are best met in areas with populations between
50.000 and 75.000 inhabitants. (The limitation of this project to an area with 50.000 inhabitants is determined
by the maximum amount allowed under the Fund or Programme under which this
application for funding is made.)
(f) Relevance of the action to the target
groups.
a)To sustain on-going
improvement of the general quality of life well-being and health of the local
people.
b) To stop financial leakage
from the project area.
c)To free more human
resources for local production and development.
d)To reduce water-borne
diseases so that medical staff and financial resources can be re-directed to
other health objectives such as vaccination programmes and preventive medicine.
e)To decrease infant
mortality and promote family planning.
f)To increase literacy
levels.
g)To eliminate dependency on
fuels imported from outside the project area.
h)To help reduce
deforestation and global warming.
i)To create value added from
locally recycled non-organic solid waste.
j)To create a
"maintenance culture" to conserve the investments made.
k)To increase the local pool
of expertise so that local people can improve their sustainable well-being and
development by identifying and solving problems, including erosion, with a
minimum of outside help.
l)To create full employment
in the project area.
m) Create opportunities for
youth in the project area to stop migration of the population from the project
area to shanty towns in the large cities.
(g)Description of the value added aspects of
the proposal.
The proposed project is fully integrated in an
innovative way and represents a world-wide precedent. Poverty can be eliminated
in the project area over a period of 4-5 years at a cost of about Euro 100 per
person through the supply of a full range of basic structures necessary to a
good quality of life, with the creation of several thousand individual and
cooperative jobs (in this case about 4.000) and local money systems
enabling limitless exchanges of locally
produced goods and services in the project area. Each family receives on an
average at least Euro 1500 in interest-free micro-credits for productivity
increase over each period of 10 years. The success of this first project in
(name of host country) should lead to the formation of an integrated
development strategy at national level, and to pilot projects in other
countries.
General preparation.
Formalities for permits. Personnel necessary:
coordinator and secretariat. The consultant provides advice. The cooperation of
the national and local authorities is necessary. No specific problem is
foreseen.
Purchase of land and permanent offices, in the name of
the project and on behalf of the inhabitants in the project area. Actions :
coordinator and secretariat; consultant. Cooperation of the local authorities
is necessary. No specific problem is foreseen.
Preparation and editing of detailed project
specifications. Personnel : coordinator; consultant, secretariat.
Activities include the general definitions of the future tank commission areas,
most probable sites for wells and boreholes, as well as important
administrative aspects such as the rules for the correct notation of names of
persons and places.
Construction of the workshop hall and
associated drinking water, kitchen and sanitation and nursery services. The
contributions of the local populations is expected to be 38400 work hours.
Drilling of a borehole. Equipping the borehole with pumps and solar panels.
Construction of temporary dry composting dry
toilets. Garden for the recycling (by way of example) of waste
materials. Organisation of the workplaces for the Project Coordinator and the
general consultant. Execution of activities by the coordinator and his
secretariat.
Once the Moraisian workshops have been
completed, the workshop hall will be used as the permanent central project
depot.
Health Clubs.
Activities for the formation of 200 Health
Clubs. Purchase and preparation of material for the Clubs. Training of the 200
Health Club leaders.
This is the most critical
phase of the entire project. Should these activities
not succeed the first time, they will have to be repeated until the Health
Clubs are fully operational. Success of the workshop is not so much a question
of hygiene education but of the practical organisation in groups of the women
in the project area, to enable them to play the important role assigned to them
in the formation and management of the social, financial and productive
structures to be set up.
Execution by way of a Moraisian workshop. About
220 participants for about 3 months. Nomination of participants at village
level. Social organisation enabling the nominee women to participate in the
workshops.
Execution of activities : coordinator +
secretariat + consultant + specialist workshops + specialist hygiene education.
The contributions of the local populations for
the formation of the Health Clubs is 120.000 working hours. The cooperation
of about 15 Ministry of Health public
health officials is preferred. These officials are then expected to offer
technical support the Health Clubs are required.
The
workshops should produce the following structures:
-A
system coordination structure: with the
project coordinator, at a level of the local authorities involved; with the
Ministry of Health; between the Health Club leaders and Ministry of Health
officials; for the statutes and the rules of the Health Clubs.
-A
materials structure; discussion with potential members of the Health Club
groups; definition of the content of the hygiene education course in accordance
with local requirements; adaptation of the material according to local cultures
(illustrations, languages etc.) using artistic styles accepted in the project
area; actual preparation of the course materials; distribution of the
materials.
-A
methodology structure; how to use the materials; the role of the Health
Ministry officials; the role of the
Health Club leaders; practical exercises; how to call and run the individual
lessons; monitoring the work of the groups after the conclusion of the courses.
-A
communications structure;
-A
tank commission level structure; payment of locally responsible persons;
relationships between those responsible locally and the future Tank
Commission; relationships between those
responsible locally and the Ministry of health official for her area; discussions
with persons interested in participating in the (future) tank
Commissions ;registration of the course participants ; practical
organisation of the lessons and the meetings.
Transport
participants. This is the most important logistical problem. For this
purpose, two buses will be purchased. At the close of the series of workshops,
the buses will be passed on the a public transport cooperative under the
framework of the interest-free micro-credit system set up.
Material
editing of the course material by the women participating; preparation of
course material by the participating women. Nomination of participants at
village level. Social organisation to ensure participation by the women in the
workshops. Where necessary, a nursery to be run by women themselves is
foreseen.
Hygiene
education courses in the schools.
Organisation of the workshop : duration about three
months. Contribution by the population : 34.000 working hours.
Editing, production, and distribution of course
material in the schools.
The cooperation of about 15 Ministry of Health public health
officials is preferred. These officials are then expected to offer technical
support the teachers in the schools.
The cooperation of the Ministry of Education
authorities is required. The participation of a large delegation of teachers
(200-250) is hoped for. The participants must decide on the content of the
courses for each different teaching level and according to the age of the
students. Efforts will be made to cover issues related to the HIV/AIDS
epidemic and to measure of voluntary
birth control. Local social structures.
The tank commissions.
The tank commission are the heart of the
planned project structures.
A Moraisian workshop will be held. Workshop activities:
Local social structures (formation three levels
of management, being 200 tank commissions, 35 well commissions; one central management unit.). Participation
: 200 persons (mostly women) who will
have indicated their interest in taking general responsibility for
participation in the tank commissions for the local administration of the
project structures. The candidates will be indicated by the Health Clubs, who
will already be in operation, eventually in cooperation with existing village
development committees where there are any.
Definition of the social form of the tank
commissions, the well commissions; organisation , coordination, communication.
Once the workshop has been completed, the women
participating in it organise, in cooperation with the members of the Health
Clubs, the election of the tank commissions, who then together choose the
members of the well commission to which they refer. These then choose the
central management unit. commissions.
Personnel : coordinator, secretariat,
general consultant, workshops specialist. The local populations contribute
724.000 hours of work during the first two executive project years. Once the
workshops and the elections have been held these important activities are
organised and run by the populations themselves.
The
transport of participants is an important logistical problem. For this purpose,
two buses will be purchased. At the close of the series of workshops, the buses
will be passed on the a public transport cooperative under the framework of the
interest-free micro-credit system set up.
Once the local structures are in place, the
financial structures foreseen can be se up. Most of the project activities are
covered within the framework of these new financial structures.
Local money systems
(One, two or three) Moraisian workshops will be held, (one for each
planned local money LETS system. )
Indicative participation (all workshops together)
The Moraisian trainers.
The project coordinator.
General Consultant.
2 representatives of the NGO.
Representative of the Finance Ministry.
Representative of the Rural Development ministry.
At least 5 observers (possible coordinators for future projects).
200 persons, indicated by the well commissions, who will have indicated their
interest in registering transactions.
200 persons (men and women) indicated by the Tank Commissions interested in
taking responsibility for the management of the LETS systems at tank commission
level.
140 persons who have indicated willingness to register local money transactions
at well commission level.
Duration of each workshop: about six weeks.
The Workshops will be expected to produce the following structures:
a) Definition of the social form of the LETS structures
- statutes
- rules
- professional and administrative structures
- financial aspects
- relationships with other non-formal local money systems
b) Structure for the registration of transactions
- physical working space (offices)
- adaptation of environments against weather and dust
- safety and back-up procedures to protect information
- purchase of computers, printers, equipment for registration of members et
electrical connections eventually using PV
- distribution of physical structures: LETS boxes, notice boards
- preparation of cheques or other instruments of exchange to be used
- publication of the services available within the system
c) Coordination with users
- preparatory meetings with users at tank commission level
- presentation of the local coordinator
- registration of members
- distribution of cheques or other instruments of exchange
- starting transactions
d) A communications structure
- vertical, at project level (project coordinator, transaction registrars,
those responsible at tank commission level, users)
- horizontal, with the various persons responsible at the same level (amongst
transaction registrars, amongst tank commission level operators)
- horizontal, amongst local money systems
- commercial, radio, website
Personnel :
coordinator, secretariat, general consultant and workshops specialist. The
local populations will contribute 576.000 hours of work during the first two
executive years of the project.
The
organisation and the construction of accommodation for the registration of local
money transactions is the responsibility of the well commissions, who own
them.. The cost of computers and equipment is charged to the project’s formal
money fund and is itemised in the budget.
The
transportation of workshop participants represent an important logistical
problem. For this purpose, two buses will be purchased. At the close of the
series of workshops, the buses will be passed on the a public transport
cooperative under the framework of the interest-free micro-credit system set
up.
When
the workshops have finished, all local system finance activities are organised
and managed by the populations themselves.
The
management of the local financial structures is subject to the cooperation
of the fiscal authorities. An agreement on the taxation of activities
conducted under the local financial structures set up has to be reached before
the project formally starts. A general moratorium on taxation of these
activities for a number of years (at leas 10 years) followed by the application
a few simple rules is preferred. These
rules are set out in detail in the project documentation. The transaction can
take place anywhere in the project area. At least one transactions assistant is
formed during the workshops to help people in each tank commission area who are
unable to read and write. Similar facilities are provided for market places and
places where commercial transactions are done. A collateral voucher system will
be introduced to cover frequent, repetitive small-scale transactions.
The micro-credit system
structures workshop.
The Cooperative Local Development Fund set up by the
project will manage formal currency funds necessary for running the project,
acting on instructions of the project coordinator given on receipt of the
indications received from those responsible at tank commission level. The funds
do not belong to the Fund, which will intervene only in the practical
management and transfer of the funds. The decisions are taken by the users'
structures set up under the project. Where seed money for the project is
supplied by way of interest-free ten year loan, the funds formally belong to
the users until the expiry of the 10 years' interest-free credit term. The
interests of the financing parties are protected by their representatives nominated
to the board of the NGO and/or to the auditing commission, who will be invited
to participate in the workshop.
The Cooperative Local Development Fund
will be constituted during the workshop.
The services of the Fund will be paid in local LETS monies at a fixed
rate per transaction to be set during the workshop. If it wishes, the Fund can
then use its LETS credits to purchase goods and services inside the project
area and sell them for formal money outside the project area.
One Moraisian workshop will be held to prepare the Bank structures.
Indicative participation:
The Moraisian trainers
The project coordinator
General Consultant
2 Representatives of the NGO acting on behalf of the financing parties.
Representative of the Finance Ministry.
Representative of the Rural Development ministry.
At least 5 observers (possible coordinators for future projects).
At least 6 qualified persons, 3 indicated by the NGO and 3 by the project
coordinator.
200 persons, indicated by the tank commissions, interested in participating
with responsibility for credit arrangements at tank commission level.
Duration of the workshop: about four weeks.
The Workshop will be expected to produce the following structures:
a) Definition of the social form
- statutes
- rules
- professional and administrative structures
- financial aspects
- relations with the LETS local money systems
b) Physical aspects
- land
- office
- safety
- communications
c) Financial aspects (Definition of initiatives at each structural
level. How much money is to be distributed at each level?)
- funding of initiatives at general project level (recycling structures,
important productivity initiatives, public works)
- funding of initiatives at intermediate, well commission, level
- funding of initiatives at local tank commission level
- funding of socially based initiatives (clubs, interest groups etc)
- traditional banking activities
a) Central structure
b) De-centralised structure
- Preparation operators
- Meetings at tank commission level
c) Coordination
- With LETS structures
- With tank commissions
- With project coordinator
d) Financing of specific projects
- Relations with financiers
e) Communications structure
-Vertical, at project level (project coordinator, transactions operators, tank
commission level operators, end users)
Commercial, radio, website
Personnel : coordinator, secretariat,
general consultant, workshops specialist. The populations contribute 236.000
hours of work. Computers and equipment are charged to the formal money project
funds as a separate item in the budget.
The
transportation of workshop participants represent an important logistical
problem. For this purpose, two buses will be purchased. At the close of the
series of workshops, the buses will be passed on the a public transport
cooperative under the framework of the interest-free micro-credit system set
up.
No
specific administrative problem is expected with the micro-credits system,
which is independently entirely managed through the internal project structures
set up for the purpose. On-going operational costs are covered under the local
money LETS systems.
Productive structures.
1) Gypsum composite production units.
Usually two or three Moraisian
organisational workshops will be held, one for each production unit planned.
These production units are in principle 100% ecological with high manual labour
content, zero energy input, and up to 100% of local value added.
Indicative participation (all workshops together)
The Moraisian trainers
The project coordinator
The general consultant
Gypsum composites consultant.
At least one representative of the applicant NGO.
Representative of the Ministry of Health.
Representative of the Rural Development ministry.
At least 5 observers (possible coordinators for future projects).
200 persons (men and women), indicated during meetings held at Tank Commission
level, interested in participating in the activities of the factories. Where
opportune, according to local political structures and traditions, up to 25% of
the people could be indicated by the local chiefs.
Duration of each workshop: about four weeks.
The Workshops will be expected to produce the following structures:
a) Definition of the social form of the production units.
- statutes.
- rules.
- professional and administrative structures and formation.
- financial aspects.
- relationship with the local LETS systems.
b) A structure for the supply of materials.
- geological research for gypsum and/or anhydrite deposits.
- quality control of the gypsum deposits.
- formation of cooperative for exploitation of the quarries.
- locations of gypsum/anhydrite quarries, permits.
- activities preparatory to exploitation.
- logistics.
- coordination of materials depots with the factories.
c) Definition of the items to be made (tanks, toilets, stoves, solar
cookers etc).
- coordination with the other production units (specialisation).
- contacts with families.
- definition of requirements : articles and specifications.
- definition of requirements : design, productive capacity.
- definition of the necessary procedures.
- preparation of forms and moulds, training of participants.
- tests.
- decision on priorities to be given to the various items.
d) A structure for the factories.
- land and necessary structures.
- design of factories.
- construction of factories.
- purchase of necessary equipment.
e) A production structure.
- organisation of the production.
- commercial organisation.
f) A structure for the installation of the items produced.
- Relationship factory-installers.
- Preparation of the installers.
- Installation.
- Siting of boreholes/wells.
- After sales backup and service.
g) A structure for communications.
- Vertical, at project level (project coordinator, factory manager, factory
commissions, installers, end users).
- Horizontal, between production units.
- With the local money LETS systems.
- Commercial, radio, website.
h) Environmental evaluation reports.
The
amounts of gypsum required for project
execution are very small, to the order of a few hundred tons per year. No
specific problems are expected in relation to the quarries and their exploitation.
Quarry exploitation rights will be held on behalf of the inhabitants of the
villages or of the tank commissions where the deposits are situated. The people
will decide what they want to do with the used quarry premises. In particular,
it is not expected that inhabitants will need to abandon their homes as a
result of the quarrying activities.
Some fine gypsum powder can be dispersed into
the environment in and around the quarries and the gypsum composite production
units. The use of protective masks and glasses in the quarries and the
production units should be enforced.
The exploitation of the quarries and the
production of articles made from gypsum composites are both cooperative in
nature, and run by the local people themselves. Their first priority is the
protection of the local people and of the environment they live in. All
necessary steps will be taken for their protection.
2. Drinking water structures.
Usually one Moraisian workshop will be held in a given project area.
Indicative participation:
The Moraisian workshop specialist.
The project coordinator.
The general consultant.
The gypsum composites consultant.
At least one representative of the applicant NGO.
Representative of the Health Ministry
Representative of the Rural Development ministry
At least 5 observers (possible coordinators for future projects)
30 persons indicated by the tank commissions interested in the systematic
maintenance of the structures
100 persons indicated by the tank commissions, interested in drilling
boreholes, drilling wells and building the associated civil and associated
works
Duration of the workshop: about four weeks.
The Workshop will be expected to produce the following structures:
a) A coordination structure
- definition of the social form
- statutes
- rules
- professional and administrative structures
- financial aspects including payments
- relations with the local money LETS systems
b) Analysis of requirements
c) Hydro-geological research
d) Preparation of maps showing:
- sites of boreholes and wells
- tank sites
- feed-pipe installation lines
e) Specifications
- Work bases/depots
- Boreholes/wells
- Solar pumps
- Hand pumps
- Washing areas
- Solar panels
- Panel supports
- Borehole/well surroundings
- Laying of pipelines
- Installation tanks
- Eventual installation of UV purification units
- Training of well commissions
- Training of tank commission
f) Permits
g) The civil works
- Base for storage of equipment and materials
- Formation of teams
- Planning of works
- Logistics
- Equipment and materials
35 wells/boreholes diameter.
8" (wells dug using the local money system).
35 Washing points(local money system).
35 Hand-pump platforms (local money systems).
Installation of 200 solar pumps.
Construction of 200 panel supports (local money systems).
Installation of solar panels (200*300 W = 60 kW).
Installation de 100 back-up hand-pumps being 30 triple groups and 10 single
units.
Purchase accessories being cables, pipes for the well/borehole installations.
Feed-pipes from well sites to tank installations (200km).
Laying of 200000 metres feed-pipe (local money system).
Construction of 200 water tanks (local money system).
Construction of 200 water tank bases (local money systems).
Supervision of installation and training of maintenance.
Setting up spare parts stocks/store.
Equipment for the water quality control.
h) Formation of a cooperative for installation and
maintenance.
i) Structure for the management and monitoring
of statistics and on-going daily operations at tank commission and well
commission levels..
Participants
: coordinator, secretariat, general consultant, workshops specialist, (where
applicable) drilling company. The local
population participates with 392.400 hours of work.
The
gypsum composite production units produce tanks, plat-forms, washing places,
panel supports etc.
Formal
money capital investments for the drinking water structures form a large part
of the formal money seed funds as many of the materials and some of the
services are not available locally.
3. Recycling structures for organic and non-organic materials.
A special fund is included in the budget to cover the costs of setting
up the recycling structures, which have priority. The funds will be repaid by
the beneficiaries in the same way as those made available to the gypsum
composite factories. They will take the form of interest-free credits repayable
according to the real possibilities of those involved as decided during the
organisational workshops during which the structures are set up. The repayments
will be financed by sale of materials such as fertilisers and compost outside
the project area and by the "exportation" of solid non-organic waste
which are not recyclable within the project area itself. For an illustration of
a possible general structure for the integrated recycling of waste in project
areas refer to:
The work of the recycling structures will be carried out within the local
money LETS systems already set up. One of the more interesting features of LETS
systems is that, in contrast with what happens in the western monetised
economies, work considered as "dirty" and/or "heavy" is
usually better paid than "clean" and/or "light" work as the
rates charged will normally be related to the perceived value of an hour's work
in the foreseeable normal working situation.
Usually at least two Moraisian workshops will be held. Often, one
workshop for each LETS local money system.
Indicative participation (all workshops together).
The Moraisian trainers.
The project coordinator.
General consultant.
At least one representative of the applicant NGO.
Representative of the Finance Ministry.
Representative of the Health Ministry.
Representative of the Rural Development ministry.
At least 5 observers (possible coordinators for future projects).
200 persons (male and female)indicated by the tank commissions, interested in
participating in the recycling of organic waste.
100 persons indicated by the well commissions interested in the
recycling of inorganic waste.
Duration of each workshop: about four weeks.
The Workshops will be expected to produce the following structures:
a) Definition of the social form of the structures
- statutes
- rules
- professional and administrative structures
- financial aspects including relations with the Micro-credit institution
- relations with the local money LETS systems
b) Analysis of requirements
c) A structure for the recycling centres
- Definition of the land requirements and the physical structures necessary
- formalities and permits
- design of the centres
- construction of the centres
- purchase of the necessary equipment
d) A structure for the collection/deposition of waste
- urine
- composted excreta
- waste water
- other organic waste
- non organic solids
- special industrial wastes
- medical wastes
- who will do what
- definition of individual zones
- definition of specialisations
e) A commercial structures
- definition of the tariffs applicable to the various types of material
- distribution of urine and composted excreta
- direct recycling of certain materials
- contacts for the exportation of materials not recyclable locally
f) A monitoring structure
- sanitary conditions
- ecological conditions
- safety conditions
g) A communications structure
- vertical, at project level (coordinator, centre managers, collection
structures, end users)
- horizontal, between centres
- relations with local money LETS systems
- commercial, radio, website
Contribution
of the local populations 576.000 working hours.
The
local gypsum composite production units produce tanks, toilets , san-plats and
building support structures within the framework of the local money systems.
Cooperation
of local authorities and of the Ministry of Public Health is needed for permits
and concessions for depots and environmental clearance certificates.
4.
Structures for energy autonomy.
20000 high efficiency stoves are to be built in the gypsum composite
production units.
The structures foreseen are for the production of mini-briquettes for
the stoves to be made by the gypsum composite production units and for the
production of bio-masse to make the mini-briquettes.
Usually just one Moraisian workshop will be held in a given project
area.
Indicative participation.
The Moraisian trainers.
The project coordinator.
General consultant Terry Manning.
Gypsum composites consultant.
At least one representative of the applicant NGO.
Representative of the Health Ministry.
Representative of the Rural Development ministry.
At least 5 observers (possible coordinators for future projects).
100 persons indicated by the well commissions interested in the production of
mini-briquettes.
400 persons indicated by the tank commissions, interested in producing
bio-masse for the mini-briquettes.
Duration of the workshop: about four weeks.
The Workshop will be expected to produce the following structures:
a) A coordination structure.
- definition of the social form.
- statutes.
- rules.
- professional and administrative structures.
- financial aspects including payments.
- relations with the local money LETS systems.
b) Analysis of requirements.
- detailed analysis of the present systems.
- demand in the project area.
- demand outside the project area.
c) Analysis of the bio-masse resources available.
d) Definition of the recipes (mixtures) socially acceptable.
e) Creation of the physical structures for briquette production.
f) Logistics.
- Assembly and stocking of materials.
- distribution of mini-briquettes.
g) Organisation of the cultivation of bio-mass.
h) Commercial.
- Availability of micro-credits for growers.
- Availability of micro-credits for briquette makers.
- Prices for briquette distribution according to the various mixtures.
The
contribution of the local populations is
228.800 working hours.
5.
Structures for water purification.
40 Installations for the purification of water in
clinics and schools.
Goal
: to redouble the safety of clean drinking water for children and the ill.
Personnel :
coordinator, secretariat, general consultant ;
Contribution
of populations 2.800 working hours.
No
workshop is required for this.
Formation
of structures for the collection and the analysis of water quality.
Purchase
of equipment.
Installation
by the installation and maintenance cooperative already in place.
On-going
monitoring of activities and statistics.
6. Structures for lighting for study purposes at tank
commission level and in schools and clinics.
200 photovoltaic lighting
systems for study purposes.
No workshop is required for
this.
Purchase of the systems
specially covered under separate budget items
Purchase PV television for
study purposes depends on local circumstances and the decisions of the local
tank commissions.
PV lighting for 40 schools.
PV lighting for the (number) of clinics in the project area.
PV refrigeration for the (number) of clinics in the project area.
Construction of 200 study rooms at tank
commission level.
Installation and maintenance
by the installation and maintenance cooperatives for water services already set
up.
Personnel :
coordinator, secretariat, and general consultant.
Contribution des populations
for the construction of the study rooms : 99.200 working hours.
The agreement of the
ministries of Public Health and Education is necessary for the installation of
systems in schools and clinics.
7. Structures for rain-water harvesting at household
level.
No workshop is required for
this.
Construction of the first
200 of 10000 rain-water harvesting systems by the gypsum composite production
units.
Installation and maintenance
by the installation and maintenance cooperatives for water services already set
up.
Personnel :
coordinator, secretariat, and general consultant.
Contribution des populations
for the construction of the first two hundred pilot systems and monitoring them
: 36.400 working hours.
(This item is included in the
productive structures, and space is allowed for it in the balance sheet.
However cost coverage for it has not
been included in the balance sheet. This is because it may not always qualify
for inclusion in integrated drinking water, sanitation and hygiene education
structures under tenders issued by donor organisations. )
The establishment of a local radio station is an integral part of the
project. The station is a part of the management of communications concerning
the project.
Since most people in the project areas possess a radio, radio is an
excellent way to spread information on the project developments and the
management of the structures set up. It also enables users to discuss
initiatives taken and to be taken, and to express their criticisms. It can also
become a vehicle for local commerce.
The station will usually be placed in a location in the centre of the
project area so as to limit the transmission radius. A PV operated station may
be preferred to one running on "imported" electricity, as this
increases the autonomy of the station and reduces long term financial leakage
from the project area.
The management of the station will be completely autonomous.
(a) Transmission of information
on project activities (news bulletins).
- Convocation of meetings for structures (tanks commissions, LETS systems etc)
.
- Information on decisions taken during meetings.
- Information on progress made with the installation/setting up of the various
structures.
- Information of interest-free micro-credits conceded.
(b) Transmissions by interest groups.
- Initiatives the groups wish to take.
- Information on initiatives under way.
(c) Information on cultural and sporting activities in the project area.
(d) Emergency services.
(e) Promotion of the project towards the outside.
Financing.
The setting up of the station is covered by a separate item in the
indicative balance sheet. How can the station reimburse this interest-free
credit?
- Work is carried out under the local LETS money systems - Expenses in
formal currency (electricity?, equipment and the costs of running it) would
need to be paid back over 3 or 4 years. How:
-a) Collection of a small (formal currency) contribution at household level?
-b) Payments for services rendered to people living in the areas surrounding
the project area.
-c) Advertising by producers in the project area towards people living in the
surrounding areas Usually just one Moraisian workshop will be held in a given
project area.
Indicative participation.
The Moraisian trainers.
The project coordinator.
General consultant.
At least one representative of the applicant NGO.
Representative of the Ministry of Communications.
At least 5 observers (possible coordinators for future projects).
20 persons indicated by the tank commissions interested in participating in the
management of the station.
50 persons indicated by the tank commissions, interested in producing
programmes for the station.
Duration of the workshop: about three weeks.
The Workshop will be expected to produce the following structures:
a) A coordination structure.
- definition of the social form.
- statutes.
- rules.
- professional and administrative structures.
- financial aspects including payments.
- relations with the local money LETS systems.
b) Analysis of requirements.
- detailed analysis of the communications needs of the individual structures
created under the project.
- demand in the project area.
- demand outside the project area.
c) Material structure.
- Land.
- Permits.
- Office/studio.
- Transmission equipment.
- Equipment for production and storing of programmes.
d) Logistics.
- Transport.
- Storage of materials.
- Organisation of network.
The action will last 24 months.
N.B.: Note: The indicative action plan should
not mention actual dates but simply indicate, month 1 ; month 2 ; etc.
Applicants should allow a margin of security in their plan. The plan should not
include detailed descriptions of the activities, but just their headings.
Months without activities should be included in the action plan and in the
total duration of the action.
Activity plan, month by month
and year by year.
N.B: for each expected result provide verifiable indicators (refer also
to the logical
framesheet ) which enable the progress made to be identified, described and
measured.
Maximum 2 pages. Indicate how the action will improve:
(a) the situation of the
target groups and final beneficiaries.
All 50.000 inhabitants, without exclusion,
benefit from all of the social, financial and productive structures and
services set up during the project.
Inhabitants will have 25 litres of clean
drinking water per person per day at a distance which should not exceed 200
metres from their homes, a reserve supply of 25 litres of clean drinking
water per person per day next to 35 well
sites, and a supply of a similar amount of
non potable water for personal purposes from rain-water harvesting at
household level. During all seasons, and in particular during the dry season.
A complete appropriate dry composting
eco-sanitation system will be installed in each of the 10.000 homes in the
project area.
A contribution to the fight against water-borne
diseases will also be made through hygiene education through the formation of
200 Health Clubs for women (however the Clubs will also be open to the
participation of men), and the introduction of institutionalised hygiene
education courses in the 40 schools in the project area together eco-sanitation
and drinking water supplies there.
Students and other persons, especially women,
who wish to study in the evening will be
able to do so under acceptable lighting conditions in 200 study rooms built
under the project and fitted with photovoltaic lighting equipment.
The introduction of high efficiency bio-mass stoves made in the project area will
lead to a reduction (and later, to the elimination) of the importation of fuels
for cooking into the project area.
The work load on women will be reduced through
the elimination of the need for them to fetch water and wood for cooking
purposes.
Local value added will be increase by the local
recycling of non-organic waste in the project area.
Available financial resources (both local money
under the LETS structures set up and formal money) will be constantly recycling
interest-free within the community in the project area.
Local industrial and agricultural production
will be increased through the use local money LETS systems and interest-free
revolving micro-credit systems.
Ecological and sustainable exploitation of
(name the areas concerned) natural and tourist resources in the project area
will be promoted in cooperation with the (name the Ministries involved) and
local flora and fauna protected.
About 4000 jobs will be created.
Young people will be trained to repeat and
multiply this innovative pilot initiative in other parts of (host country) and
in other countries.
(b)Describe where applicable the
responsibilities and technical and management capacities of the various
partners involved in project execution.
(This is not usually applicable to projects
under the Model. )
(c)Describe the situation with the ACTION in relation
to the situation WITHOUT THE ACTION.
The project supplies basic structures necessary
to an acceptable quality of life, including but not limited to hygiene
education, supply a clean drinking water, and sanitation facilities to all of
the 50.000 people, without exclusion, in the project area. At the same time the
project makes a complete range of self-managed social, financial and productive
structures available to the inhabitants. All these structures should be put in
place during the first 15 months of project execution. However, some specific
initiatives will only begin towards the end of the 24 months’ executive period
of the project. The production of items
necessary for eco-sanitation and for rainwater harvesting, and of improved
cooking stoves and mini-briquettes for
them will continue beyond the 24 months’
executive period.
Improvement in the quality of life of all the
inhabitants in the project area and in particular that of the women and
children there should have become a reality by the close of the first period of
24 months. However, several more years will be needed to totally eliminate
poverty fro the project area. During the
first 24months about 4000 jobs will have been created, contributing to the
reduction of unemployment in the project area. Women will no longer be fetching
water over long distances and will be participating actively in the operation
of the social, financial and productive
organs set up. Each family will
on an average have been able to benefit from an interest-free micro-credit for
about Euro 100-250. Over the first ten year project cycle, each family will
receive interest-free micro-credits for productivity increase for on an average
about Euro 1500. The entire population should be actively participating in the
local money systems set up. A beginning will have been made to the reduction of
financial leakage from the project area and the liberation of more human
resources for local production and development.
A contribution will already have been made to a
reduction in the incidence of water-borne diseases through the formation of 200
Health Clubs and hygiene education courses in the schools, the supply of clean
drinking water, clean conditions around boreholes wells and water tanks, the
improvement of drainage in public places, the operation of waste recycling
structures, and a start to the installation of 10.000 structures sanitary
structures in each home in the project area, to be completed over a period
of about 4-5 years.
Fight against smoke hazards to health,
especially of that of women and children, will have begun with the introduction
of improved cooking stoves and mini-briquettes for them. Reduction on the
dependence of the population in the project area on imported fuels for cooking
and lighting will have commenced. Some
of the families will no longer have to fetch wood for cooking. Over a period of 4-5 years, distribution of the 20.000 stoves necessary will have been
completed, and production of the mini-briquettes necessary for their operation
under way.
The following social structures will be in
place :
200 structures for basic
hygiene education for women, and on-going systematic hygiene education courses
in the schools.
200 tank commissions.
35 well commissions.
1 project level management unit.
A three-tiered social security system for the elderly, the sick and the
handicapped.
The
following financial structures will be in place:
A self-run cooperative
interest-free, inflation-free local money system enabling limitless transfer of
locally produced and consumed goods and services to take place.
A self-run cooperative,
interest-free micro-credit system for local productivity increase.
The
following productive structures will be in place :
Two structures for the
production of articles made from gypsum composites, such as those for sanitation purposes, the high-efficiency
stoves, rain-water harvesting.
200 structures for recycling of organic waste, and 35 structures for the
recycling of n on-organic waste.
35 structures for the manufacture of
mini-briquettes for the improved stoves ;400 sources for the growing of
bio-mass for the mini-briquettes.
200 structures enabling students (including women) to study in the evening.
(d)
Describe in detail steps to be taken to monitor the given indicators.
Most
of the social, financial, and productive structures set are by the project are
physically quantifiable. Since the services are placed at the disposition of
all of the inhabitants without exclusion, control and systematic monitoring
are simple to organise. The structures
are concentrated in a clearly drawn territory. In particular, clean drinking
water and sanitation structures are
physically present following a systematic and
known pattern..
According
to the new development principles applied in this project, the basic task of
the applicant is on-gong control over project execution. This control is
continuous, with the participation of a team including (an executive director,
an economist, a civil engineer, a sociologist, a secretariat all or any of whom
may physically attend meetings project execution.
In
more detail :
For the
200 Health Clubs, the following information is available. Workshop reports;
presence at the workshop; reports on the
activities of the clubs; presence at the meetings held by Health Clubs chosen at random. Copies of
printed material for the courses. Research enquiry amongst women. The same
applied for the Hygiene education courses in the schools.
For
the 200 Tank Commissions, heart of the project, the following information is
available: Workshop reports; presence at the workshop; reports on the activities of the commission;
presence at the meetings held by
Commissions hosen at random. Statistics on the activities of the
Commissions. Inspection of the physical structures run by the commissions and
checking their operation. Enquiries amongst the populations served by specified
tank commissions. The same is applicable to the work of the well commissions.
In
particular, with regard to clean drinking water services, physical execution of
the works according to the project plan,
starting with the well digging or drilling and their equipment, the
photovoltaic installations, the presence of guards; works for the installation of feed pipes.
Information on progress made with the construction of tank production units, tank supports, panel supports and designs for
the preparation of moulds for their manufacture. Subsequently, monitoring their
production and installation. Monitor the distance between the tank sites and
the homes served. Then actively actual supply of drinking water to the families
and the action taken to control water quality.
With
regard the sanitation structures, monitor the physical execution of works for
the construction of the production units foreseen, and for the exploitation of
the gypsum quarries. la suite, Monitor
progress made on the design and preparation of forms and moulds for the
manufacture of the sanitation systems and their installation. Check
installation statistics and statistics on system operation.. Monitor operation
amongst random-chosen households. Organise surveys amongst the population.
With
regard to the operation of the local financial structures set up : the
applicant can carry out a comparison between financial activities at the time
of the survey and those applying at the start of the project. Surveys amongst
users can be held. A list of activities started after project start-up can be
held. Study information and statistics on the operation of the micro-credit
systems. Participate in meetings of the management organs of the funds.
Physically check the work and operation of the local money transaction
registration centres.
The
35 recycling centres can be checked by physical observation of the cleanliness
of the environment in the project area. Surveys amongst users can be held. The
recycling centres can be visited. Liaison can be set up with the Ministry of Public Health and with Public
Health inspectors charged with supervision over the recycling centres.
With
regard to the introduction of 20.000 high efficiency stoves, the production of
mini-briquettes for them, and the elimination of smokes hazards in and around
the homes, the physical presence of the stoves in the homes can be checked,
surveys held amongst users; visits made to the mini-briquette production units;
the books and accounts of the production units checked ; the physical presence
of bio-mass in the fields checked..
(e)
Level of implication of other
participating organisations.
Execution : local
populations with the support of the project coordinator and a small team of
specialists “the project government”.
Permanent structural monitoring of project execution : the task of the
applicant, as “project parliament” .
Auditing commission checking applicant’s books.
Independent audit.
(Associate : NGO Bakens Verzet,
Netherlands, will make the author of the Model for Sustainable Integrated
Development on which this project is based available as General Consultant..
Bakens Verzet will also be responsible for the participation of Mr. Eric Frans
Meuleman, Haarlem, Netherlands, expert in technologies for the working of
gypsum composites.)
(Associate : NGO Africa AHEAD, author of
the favoured hygiene education course.)
(Associated :
(Local NGO’s with an indication of how they might be able to contribute
where necessary. One or two might supply members for the auditing commission).
(f)Justification
of partners’ roles.
Not
usually applicable to projects under the Model.
(g)
Team proposed for the execution of the action (describe for each function: do not
include the names of individual persons involved).
The
project mobilises and/or employs about
4000 permanently, being about 10% of the target adult population. Here are some
examples of permanent jobs. Figures vary from one project to another and are
indicative.
200 Health Club leaders;
1000 tank commission members;
200 well commission members;
10 members of the central management unit;
100 person for the registration of local money transactions;
200 local money transaction assistants;
200 local recycling system members;
100 well-level recycling members;
200 guards for structures;
400 farmers for bio-mass for mini-briquettes;
100 mini-briquette manufacturers;
100 manufacturers of gypsum composite products such as tanks, stoves, sanitation
systems;
50 installers;
20 maintenance staff;
10 people for water quality control.
Les
following professional services are foreseen :
Project
coordinator and a team comprising:
1.
1. 1 general consultant for the application of the principles on which the
project is based. (24 months)
2.
2. 1 expert in Moraisian workshops. (12 months)
3.
3. 1 hygiene education course expert. (6 months)
4.
4. 1 gypsum composites expert. (24 months)
Auditing
commission : seven members. The commission has investigative powers and can
view all project documents and actions at any moment.
Independent
audit.
3.1
Appropriateness, practicability, and coherence of the proposed activities.
The project sets a cooperative, non-profit,
interest-free, inflation-free economic environment up in the project area for
the benefit of all of the inhabitants there, where individual initiative and
true competition can flourish. It produces direct employment for about 10% of
the adult population and powerfully influences the economic development of the
remaining 90%. All of the social and economic structures and services set up
are sustainably created, run owned by and paid for by the people themselves
without the need for any financial assistance after their formation. These local economic and management
structures are set up during capacitation or organisation workshops run
following the concepts presented by the Brazilian sociologist Clodomir Santos
de Morais. The order in which these workshops are held is critical.
The new integrated sustainable development
principles applied for the first time in this project call for a pre-determined
sequence of activities offering an optimum guarantee to donors and funding
organisations as to how their funds are used. First, the social structures,
being the health clubs or the hygiene education structures (they constitute a
platform for women’s participation, the tank or local development commissions,
the well or intermediate level development commissions, and a central
management structure are set up. Secondly, the financial structures, being the
local money systems and the self-financing interest-free micro-credit systems
are set up. Finally, productive structures are set up for the local production,
using the financial systems created, of most of the articles necessary for the
range of basic services foreseen, such as the distributed drinking water and
eco-sanitation structures.
3.2 Participation of partners and of the beneficiary population.
First, about 200 Health Clubs, each based on 40
families (200-300 people) are set up. They form a platform for women, to make
sure they can organise themselves in groups and participate en bloc at local development meetings and to
play a dominant role in the various social, economic, service and productive
structures set up.
Once the Health Clubs are in operation, about
200 tank or local development commissions are set up. They are based on the
same groups of 40 families (200-300 people). The commissions each have 3 - 5
members, all or at least most of whom are women. These commissions are the
heart of the project. They in turn elect about 35 intermediate of well commissions,
which in turn choose a central management unit.
Once the tank and well commissions and the
central management unit are in place, it is possible to set up the local money
systems which offer the inhabitants in the project area means for the transfer
of all locally produced and consumed goods and services. The art is at this
point to identify and use technologies enabling most of the goods and services
necessary to local development and a good quality of life in the project area
to be produced with 100% local value added. Such goods and services can then be
produced, installed, maintained and paid under the framework of the local money
systems set up, without the need for any formal money at all. An example
applied in this project is the possibility to produce, install, manage, and
maintain a complete dry composting eco-sanitation structure through out the
project area without the need for a cent of formal money. The costs of running
the local money systems are covered under the local money systems themselves.
Once the LETS local money systems are in place,
a distinction can be made between what can be done under the local money
systems and what must be “imported” into the project area. Goods and services
needed for basic urgently needed services
such as clean drinking water supply, use is made of the project’s seed
funds to cover the formal money (Euros) cost of imported goods and services.
For other initiatives cooperative interest-free micro-credit structures are put
in place. These recycle the users' monthly contributions (usually between Euro
0,60 and Euro 0,75 per person) to the Cooperative Local Development Fund
interest-free for credits for sustainable productivity purposes, for the
purpose of purchasing goods for productivity increase not locally produced. The
micro-credit systems will allow at least Euro 1500 of interest-free
micro-credit per family during the first ten years of the project. Probably
more, as the Euro 1500 is conservatively based on an average two-year pay back
time. The Cooperative Local Development Fund is set up as a project structure.
It belongs to, and is run by the people themselves, at the beginning with
professional support through the project Coordinator.. The costs of running the
micro-credit structures are covered under the local money systems.
Once the cooperative micro-credit structures
and the LETS local money systems are in place, the production structures can be
set up, and in particular units for the production of articles from gypsum
composites. Amongst the priority items for manufacture in these factories are
products necessary for the water supply project such as water tanks, well
linings, water containers, etc. When
capacity is available they can start making the planned ecological sanitation
systems, and other necessary items such as high efficiency stoves, rainwater
harvesting systems, construction components. Since cheap gypsum or anhydrite
deposits are (usually) present or near the project area, no formal money is
needed either for the raw materials or for production. Installation and
maintenance.
3.3 Sustainable impact.
Apart from structures basic to poverty
alleviation and an improved quality of life, such as hygiene education at home
and in the schools, water supply, sanitation in the homes at schools and in
clinics, solar lighting for study purposes, solar refrigeration for medicines
in clinics, improved cooking stoves etc,
no attempt is made in this
project to list all of the initiatives which could take place, as these are as
varied as the minds and wishes of the people.
However, any services the local people may
consider of special importance can always be included in the project and
itemised in the budget. Some examples are the setting up of a local radio
station, setting up local milk shops for the pasteurisation and distribution of
milk, the creation of cooperative storage facilities for food, especially for
food for local consumption, the creation of a seed bank and the draining and
re-structuring of market squares and public places. Many such poverty
alleviation initiatives may require some project-level formal money funds.
Other initiatives, for instance, creating sports clubs, theatre groups, local
consultants’ offices, or communications centres, plant nurseries, reforestation
etc would typically be done under a combination of the LETS local money systems
and the interest-free micro-credit systems.
The contributions made by users into
their Cooperative Local Development is sufficient to finance and repay an
interest free formal currency loan for up to Euro 3.750.000 over a period of 10
years, taking the various reserves and loan repayments into account. Should
payments out of reserves be higher than expected, the project administration
may choose to increase the monthly contribution of the families after four or
five years, as their standard of living improves. Interest-free loans for various project
structures transferred to private persons or cooperatives are paid back into
the Cooperative Local Development Fund over a period of 3-5 years. These loans
include those for the gypsum composites manufacturing units, the briquette
manufacturing units, public transport cooperatives (buses), and the maintenance
and installation cooperatives (vehicles). At the end of the ten years' period,
on repayment, where appropriate, of the ten year interest-free loan, large
capital reserves will again be built up during the following ten years for use
in Micro-credits and, subsequently, for the extension and renewal of the
capital goods. In case of loan repayment after ten years, funds available for
interest-free micro-credits will be reduced to zero. Since the families
continue to make their monthly payments to the Cooperative Local Development
Fund, the capital in the Fund for micro-credits will gradually build up again
as it did during the first period of ten years. Where the original seed funding
was by way of grant, the large amount of capital in the Fund at the close of
the first period of ten years will continue to circulate and accumulate.
The principles of sustainable integrated
development on which this project is based are such that all, or at least a
part of users’ monthly contributions to the Cooperative Local
Development Fund can be covered by savings in their current expenditure which
are a direct consequence of the use of
the project structures set up. For instance, users no longer need to make
formal money payments for drinking water, for wood for cooking, or for rubbish
collection. Some sustainable applications under the project reduce CO2 emissions.
The main one is through the use of locally-produced high efficiency cooking
stoves, others are the substitution of the use of kerosene lamps by solar home
systems, and of some pumping systems by solar or advanced hand-pump
technologies, and the reduction of the use of non-rechargeable batteries. They
therefore qualify under the Kyoto treaty for the issue of CER certificates,
which can be traded to industrialised countries. The value of these
certificates will contribute to covering the cost of the projects and may, over
time, cover all their costs, enabling the seed capital to be recycled for other
poverty alleviation initiatives.
3.4 How is the
action linked to earlier projects which have already taken place? (As
applicable).
Not applicable to this project.
3.5 Internal
control and evaluation procedures.
The integrated development concepts applied in
this project are different from those traditionally adopted. The local
populations are themselves responsible for the execution of most of the project
works. They are prepared for their tasks during Moraisian workshops. Their work is carried out under the social
and financial structures set up by the project. The project coordinator, sole
responsible for the execution of project activities and his consultants give
support and advice to the populations. The work and services carried out by
local inhabitants are effectively paid for by the local population under the
local money systems set up. Every transaction is duly registered. A conversion
rate of 3 Euro per eight-hour working day has been applied to determine the
formal money co-financing by the populations of the project.
One aspect of the tasks of the three levels (
tank commission, well commission and central management) of operational
structures put in place is to report on their meetings and activities. These
reports are put at the disposal of the coordinator, the applicant as monitoring
body, the on-going auditing commission, and the independent auditor.
The role of the applicant NGO and the project
coordinator are very specific. The applicant NGO is responsible for permanent
on-going on site monitoring of project
progress and of the operation of the project coordinator and his team. The applicant is the controlling organism, or
the “parliament”. The project coordinator plays the role of the executive, or
the “government”. Following these concepts, the executive must always remain
entirely independent from the applicant
NGO, so as to avoid all risk of conflict of interests. The applicant NGO,
responsible for the project vis à vis funding agencies exercises on-going
continuous control over project execution and over the activities of the
project coordinator. The applicant NGO, once he has approved the project at the
start, may always express its opinion but may not intervene directly in project
execution. The monitoring activities of the applicant NGO are in turn subject
to control by the independent auditing commission. The work of the auditing commission
is in turn submitted to the control of an independent auditor.
For its activities as first level monitoring
(“parliamentary control”) the applicant
has many sources of information available.
Most of the social, financial and productive
services set up by the project are physically quantifiable. Since they are the
services are put at the disposal of all of the inhabitants in the project area,
without exclusion, monitoring them is relatively easy. The structures are
concentrated in a limited territory. In particular, drinking and sanitation
structures are physically present following a systematic known pattern.
For the Health Clubs, reports on the workshops
setting them up are available. The applicant NGO participates in the workshop activities. Reports
on the activities of the individual clubs are available. The applicant NGO may attend meetings of
Health Clubs chosen at random. Copies of the materials prepared for the courses
are available. The applicant NGO can carry out surveys amongst the women in the
project area. The same principles apply to the hygiene courses in the schools.
For the Tank Commissions, the heart of the
project, reports on the workshops setting them up are available. The applicant
NGO participates in the workshop
activities. Reports on the activities of the individual commissions are
available. The applicant NGO may attend
monthly meetings of Tank Commissions chosen at random and can inspect the
physical structures they are responsible for and check their operation. The
applicant NGO can carry out surveys amongst the women served by the tank
commission concerned. The same applies to monitoring the activities of the well
commissions.
In particular, the physical execution of clean
drinking water facilities according to the project plan can be physically
inspected, starting with the wells/boreholes, their equipment, the photovoltaic
installations installed, the presence of guards; pipe-line laying activities.
He can check progress made on the construction of the gypsum composite production
units for the production of tanks, tank supports and panel supports, and the
designs for and the preparation of forms and moulds for their manufacture.
Subsequently he can monitor their production and installation. He can check the
physical distances between the tank installations and the homes served and the
activities for monitoring water quality.
In relation to sanitation, the applicant NGO
can carry out physical on-site inspection of the construction of the planned
production units, and the exploitation of local gypsum deposits. He can then
check the design and preparation of forms and moulds for the manufacture of the
eco-sanitation systems and their installation and operation. He can carry out
surveys of operation and monitoring at household level with households chosen
at random. He can organise general
surveys amongst the populations.
In relation to the financial structures set up,
the applicant NGO can make a statistical comparison between the level of
economic activity in the project area before the start of the project and the level of productivity
after the start of the project. He can carry out surveys amongst users; make a
list of activities start after the commencement of the project; study information
and statistics on the number of and value of the micro-credits made available.
He can check the operation of the local money LETS systems by on-site random
surveys, by viewing the number of transactions at each tank commission, well
commission and project level and their value; he can calculate the rate at
which the local money credits are recycling in the project area.
The recycling network can be monitored by
making random checks on the cleanliness of the environment in the project area,
by way of surveys amongst users, and by physical visits to the individual
recycling stations.
The introduction of high efficiency cookers can be
monitored by checking the accounts of the stove production units, by checking
the actual on-site production of the stoves; by visiting and checking the
mini-briquette production units and their statistics and books,
by checking the physical presence and use of the stoves in the homes
of users chosen at random, and the
elimination of smoke inside and around the households. He can carry out surveys
amongst
Forward: Initial
environmental survey.
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page summary for funding purposes.
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for funding purposes.
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Main menu project work file groups.