Director,
T.E.(Terry)
Manning,
Schoener 50,
1771 ED Wieringerwerf,
The
Tel:
0031-227-604128
Homepage:
http://www.flowman.nl
E-mail: (nameatendofline)@xs4all.nl : bakensverzet
Incorporating
innovative social, financial, economic, local administrative and productive
structures, numerous renewable energy applications, with an important role for
women in poverty alleviation in rural and poor urban environments.
"Money is not
the key that opens the gates of the market but the bolt that bars them"
Gesell, Silvio The
Natural Economic Order
Revised English
edition, Peter Owen, London 1958, page 228
Edition 10:
Existing drinking water facilities in the
project area.
The people in (the project area) do not enjoy
adequate hygiene education, sanitation or clean drinking water.
The people in the communities
concerned currently depend for their water supply on (description of current
water sources). The water from these sources is contaminated and is usually
consumed without further treatment for drinking, cooking and personal needs.
Resulting diseases affect the quality of life and the productivity of the
people.
The way water is provided
has other social implications too. The supply and management of water is
usually the responsibility of women. They often have to go many (number)
kilometers to fetch water. This takes a good deal of their time and effort
which could otherwise be used to improve the living conditions of their
families in other ways. Supply of readily accessible clean drinking water
should improve the health of the whole population and ease the pressure of work
on women.
(Lists of villages with
existing facilities)
List
of drinking water requirements.
The assessment of drinking water requirements is carried out on the
basis of an average distance not exceeding 10-200 meters between each home and
a drinking water point. A basic drinking water supply of at least 25 litres per
person per day is foreseen. A further 25 litres per person per day is usually
made available as a back-up at protected boreholes and wells, which are placed further away. The project also provides for domestic
rainwater harvesting systems designed to supply an extra 25 litres per person
per day of non-potable water for personal uses such as washing and cleaning.
Water is not required for sanitation purposes, as dry composting eco-sanitation
toilet systems are expected to be used.
Example
of calculation of drinking water requirements.
(Village name).
See map (refer to map in the maps files).
a)
Inhabitants.
(number) family
groups, (number) population.
Drinking water supply
required @ 25 litres per person
per day = (amount) liters/day.
b)
Source of nearest electricity supply.
c)
Available clean drinking water supply (boreholes)(wells)(handpumps).
d)
Social structures.
There are also:
(number) Primary
schools
--How many children? By day?
Resident?
--Is the
school already supplied with water? Give details
--Is the school connected to the electricity network?
(number) Intermediate schools
--How many children? By day?
Resident?
--Is the school
already supplied with water? Give details
--Is the school
connected to the electricity network?
(number) Hospitals/clinics
--Number of beds?
--Number of nurses
and doctors
--Daily number of
visitors?
--Existing water supply?
--Connected to
electricity network?
--Water
requirements??
(number) Tourist attractions.
--Number
of persons present
--Existing water supply?
--Connected to electricity
network?
--Water requirements??
(number)
Market places.
--Number
of persons present? How often? How long?
--Existing water supply?
--Connected to electricity
network?
--Water requirements??
(number)
Churches, mosques, temples
(Description
of use)
e)
Adaptation existing water supply?
How can existing water supply structures be brought within the project
structures?
Are there any ownership restrictions?
How can they be solved?
f) New drinking water
supply.
From several (number)
large diameter wells or boreholes, pump a total of (amount)m3 of drinking water
per day.
g) Siting
of boreholes/wells.
(List indicative sites of
each well or borehole).
h) Pump
installations in each well or borehole.
Each well with (number) Solar Spring (or a suitable alternative) high pressure solar
pumps, for a total of (number) solar pumps for all of the wells and boreholes
together.
The solar pumps installed in each well are dedicated according to the
following criteria:
1.
One
solar pump dedicated to a water tank installation supplying each (number,
usually 200-300) users, being (number,
usually 40-50) families.
2.
Schools
in each well commission area : one solar pump dedicated to a drinking water tank installation for
each school.
3.
Clinics
in each well commission area : TWO
DEDICATED PUMPS each serving one drinking water tank with (at least 15m3 per
day).
4.
Important
market places, tourist attractions, public buildings. Separate systems may be installed where the
number of users justifies them.
Each well with triple unit inertia (or alternative hydraulic) back-up handpump-system
next to it, for a total of (number) hand pumps for all of the wells and
boreholes together. In wells or boreholes serving very small communities, a
single unit back-up handpump may be sufficient.
i) The average expected
distance between each well or borehole listed in f) and the solar pumps
installed in it in g) is : (number) metres.
j) Description of each well or
borehole system.
-
The
well or borehole itself.
-
(Number)
solar pumps with accompanying electronics.
-
Photovoltaic
panel sets being ( indicate peaks watts to be installed – usually 300-400 Wp) (number (usually 4 panels
with a nominal rating between 75 and 100Wp) for each solar pump isntalled, together
with panel support fitted with a multipoint handtracking system.
-
Fence
or similar around PV panel installations.
A triple handpump system as backup. (In very small communities a single unit
back-up handpump may be sufficient.)
-
A
hand pump platform.
-
A
washing place.
-
Sink
pits for water drainage.
-
Paths
for users, whose feet must always remain dry.
-
Simple
accommodation for guardians.
-
Any
other buildings for well-commission level services which may be installed in
the well or borehole area. An example of these is the local money system transaction
registration units.
-
Any
communal gardens for the recycling of waste water run-off.
k)
Description of each drinking water tank installation.
-
The
drinking water tank itself with
its fittings.
-
The
base for the water tanks.
-
A
water tank access area with drainage. Users’ feet must always remain dry.
-
Sink
pits for water drainage.
-
UV
purification devices for tanks supplying clinics and schools.
-
The
(imbedded) feedpipe leading from the well or borehole to the drinking water tank
installation.
-
Any
communal gardens for the recycling of waste water run-off.
l)
Well commission ownership.
Ownership
of the following structures is vested in each well commission:
-
The
ground where the well or borehole installations are placed.
-
The
well or borehole itself.
-
The
fence or similar around PV panel installations.
The back-up hand pump system.
-
The
hand pump platform.
-
The
washing place.
-
The
sink pits for water drainage.
-
The
paths for users, whose feet must always remain dry.
-
The
simple accommodation for guardians.
-
Any
ground and communal gardens used for the recyling of waste water run-off.
m)
Tank commission ownership.
Ownership of the following structures is vested in each tank commission:
-
The
solar pump with accompanying electronics serving the drinking water tank.
-
The
photovoltaic panel set ,and its supports, serving the drinking water tank.
-
The
drinking water tank itself with
its fittings.
-
The
base for the water tanks.
-
The
water tank access area with drainage. Users’ feet must always remain dry.
-
The
sink pits for water drainage.
-
UV
purification devices (for tanks supplying clinics and schools).
-
The
(imbedded) feedpipe leading from the well or borehole to the drinking water tank
installation.
-
Any
communal gardens for the recycling of waste water run-off.
List of drawings and graphs.
Typical list of maps.
List of key words.
List of abbreviations used.
Documents for funding
applications.