NGO Another Way (Stichting Bakens Verzet), 1018 AM Amsterdam, Netherlands.

 

Edition 02: 17 April, 2010.

Edition 04 : 25 February, 2013.

 

01. E-course : Diploma in Integrated Development (Dip. Int. Dev)

 

 

Quarter 1.

 

 

SECTION A : DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS.

 

 

Study value : 04 points out of 18.

Indicative study time: 112 hours out of 504.

 

Study points are awarded only after the consolidated exam for Section A : Development Problems has been passed.

 


 

First block : Poverty and quality of life.

 

Study value : 02 points out of 18.

Indicative study time: 57 hours out of 504.

 

Study points are awarded only after the consolidated exam for Section A : Development Problems has been passed.

 


 

First block : Poverty and quality of life.

 

First Block : Section 1. Analysis of the causes of poverty. [26.50 hours]

First Block :  Section 2. Services needed for a good quality of life.

First Block : Exam. [ 4 hours each attempt]

 


 

Block 1 of Section 1. Analysis of the causes of poverty. [26.50 hours]

 

Part 1 : Introduction to the causes of poverty.[06.50 hours]

 

01. Definition of poverty.

02. Some factors linked with poverty.

03. Debts and subsidies.

04. Financial leakage : food and water industries.

05. Financial leakage : energy.

06. Financial leakage : means of communication.

07. Financial leakage : health and education.

08. Financial leakage : theft of resources.

09. Financial leakage : corruption.

10. The industry of poverty.

 


 

01. Definition of poverty. (30 minutes)

 

“The condition of every person born into the world, after a state of civilization commences, ought not to be worse off than if he had been born before that period.” (Thomas Paine, Agrarian Justice opposed to Agrarian Law, and to Agrarian Monopoly (Document XVIII), W. Adlard, Paris, 1797, Project Gutenberg E-book 31271, ed. Moncure Daniel Conway, last updated November 15, 2013, producer David Widger ). This is the world’s first proposal for a form of universal basic income (UBI).

 

“The true dimensions of extreme poverty have been trivialized, often being described solely in terms of a lack of food, income, housing and knowledge. When placing oneself in a position of understanding and learning from the victims of such conditions, another reality emerges: acts of violence carried out in tandem with the denial of fundamental rights. Material deprivation reduces people to mere survival; insecurity causes families to break up; exploitation robs people of their potential; humiliation, exclusion and contempt reach a point at which people living in extreme poverty are not recognized as human beings…..Throughout history, people living in extreme poverty have been deported, institutionalized, incarcerated, forcibly removed from their families, sterilized and, in times of dearth, left to starve.” (Coyne, B. et al (ed.), Towards Sustainable Development that Leaves No-one Behind : The Challenge of the Post-2015 Agenda, Working Paper, International ATD Fourth World Movement, New York, Pierrelaye and Geneva, June 2013.)

 

Look at the following slide:

 

1. Poverty.

 

Think about the three definitions of poverty given there. Which basic ideas do they imply ?

 

1. Opinion

 

Create and make a note of at least one definition of money of your own and at least one definition of poverty of your own.

 

“The poor view well-being holistically; poverty is much more than income alone. For the poor, the good life or well-being is multindimensional, with both material and psychological dimensions.” (D.S.Rogers (ed.), Waiting to be Heard : Preliminary Results of  the 2012 Equity and Sustainability Field Hearings, Part 1, . Initiative for Equality, Occasional Report # 1, Rapid City, June 2012, p. 21..

 

Look at the chart derived from the work of Durning A., How Much is Enough, Worldwatch Institute,. Washington, 1992, taken from the book “When Corporations Rule the World”, Korten David.C,  Earthscan, London, 1995,  Table 22.1,  p. 281

 

The three social-economic classes.

 

The great confusion surrounding definitions related to the reduction of poverty become evident on reading  Barder O,  What is Poverty Reduction ?, Working Paper 170, Center for Global Development, Washington, April 2009.  At point 29  of his paper M. Barder writes:

 

“29. An ideal aid-supported intervention would meet both objectives: it would deliver immediate and visible results that improve the lives of poor people, and it would result in permanent change after the programme has finished, for example by leaving behind more effective institutions, physical infrastructure, or by helping to bring about a realignment of political or other vested interests.”

 

M.Barder’s sentence is in the conditional form.  He supplies four pages of references, but his research did not lead him to the Model for Integrated Development at website www.integrateddevelopment.org where solutions to the difficulties he has correctly cited can be found.

 

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