NGO
Another Way (Stichting Bakens Verzet), 1018 AM
01. E-course :
Diploma in Integrated Development (Dip. Int.
Dev.)
Edition
01: 14 November, 2009
Value: 06
points out of 18 .
Expected work
load: 186 hours out of 504.
The points
are finally awarded only on passing the consolidated exam for Section B : Solutions
to the Problems.
Fourth
block: The structures to be created.
Value : 03 points out of 18
Expected work load: 96 hours
out of 504
The points are
finally awarded only on passing the consolidated exam for Section B :
Solutions to the Problems.
Fourth
block: The structures to be created.
Section 2: Social structures. [16 hours]
13.00 hours : Social
structures.
03.00 hours :
Preparation report.
Section 2: Social structures. [16 hours]
Social structures :
analysis. [13.00 hours]
1. Health clubs. [
3.00 hours]
2. Tank commissions.
[2.50 hours]
3. Well commissions.
[2.50 hours]
4. Central committee.
[2.50 hours]
5. Three-tiered social
security structure. [2.50 hours]
03.00 hours :
Preparation report.
Social structures :
analysis. [13.00 hours]
5. Three-tiered social
security structure. [ At least 2.50 hours]
The integrated development concepts introduced in this course offer an
innovative, practical, vision of social solidarity within each project area.
Each
form of solidarity follows a line of redistribution which starts at tank
commission level. Should the case be beyond the capacity
of the tank commission area where the elderly, sick, handicapped, or poor
person lives, it (or part of it) can be referred to the well
commission it refers to. Should the case be beyond the capacity of the well commission area where
the elderly, sick, handicapped, or poor person lives, it (or part of it) can be
referred to the central committee.
In principle, solidarity initiatives are mostly expressed within the
framework of the local money system set up in each project area. They can then
be «monetised » in local money
terms, and therefore quantified in local money. Local money unit debits
accumulated by an elderly, sick, handicapped or very poor person can be
distributed amongst some or all or the youngest or volunteers from adult family
members; or by the entire group served by a tank commission, of by the entire
group served by a well commission. Or even by the entire adult population in
the project area.
In section 13. Social security system of Section 2. Services at the basis of a good quality of
life of the first block :
Poverty and quality of life of the course
a first analysis was made of the social support needs to be met under the local
money system to be set up in your area.
Once
the three tiers of the social structures (tank, well, project) have been
created and the local money system is in place, a social solidarity system in
favour of the needy is automatically in place. Social control over applicants
for help is very strong, since everyone at tank commission level knows everyone
else served by the tank commission in question, risk of fraud is practically
eliminated.
The
vertical passage (tank, well, project) of decisions and the redistribution of
onus in relation to the seriousness of each case, applies to all of the
structures foreseen. Take, for instance, nursing costs; food help; support in making the monthly formal money
contributions to the Cooperative Local Development
Fund. On condition that the request is socially justifiable, there is
practically no limitation to the solidarity made available to the needy. The
main reason for this is that the work needed to provide the help in question is
part of the productive activities of the community. The person providing each
service is paid for his/her work under the local money system. The beneficiary
is the debtor. His/her local money account is charged with the same
amount. When his/her account becomes
strongly negative, the responsible member of the tank commission or the tank
commission itself make recommendations for the redistribution of the negative
balance.
For example, a negative balance of 1000 units represents
100 hours’ work, assuming an average of 10 units for each hour’s work. With 200
adults in the tank commission area, the 1000 units could be distributed amongst
the 200 adults (including the beneficiary !), being 5 units per adult, ort
30 minutes’ work.
In case of need, the local well commission can be
asked to redistribute all or part of 1000 units at well commission level..
Supposing a proposal is made for the redistribution at tank commission level of
200 units (in our example 1 unit per adult, or 6 minutes’ work) and the redistribution of the remaining 800 units at well commission level. Suppose
the well commission serves 8 tank commissions. In that case, 100 units would be
debited to each tank commission area, including the one that applied for the
solidarity contribution. The 100 units redistributed to each of the 8 tank
commissions would be divided amongst the 200 adults (assumed average) served by
the commission. This would amount to 0.5 units per person, or the equivalent of
3 minutes’ work.
On very serious situations, an application can be made
for solidarity contributions at project
level.
Within the framework of integrated development
projects, services provided to the needy is seen as productive work.
«In the Service Economy, it would
appear that the link between monetarised and non-monetarised activities is one
of interdependence and that a growing part of these non-monetarised activities,
are in fact a form of productive work in the sense of contributing to the
wealth of nations and in some cases even as an essential element in the
functioning of the monetarised world itself. » Giarini.O, Liedtke P.
«Integrating the monetised and non-monetised activities », The Employement
Dilemma and the Future of Work, The Risk Institute, Paper 6, 21
October 2006.
Wichterich C. Translated from German by Specht B, Re-embedding
the economy in social relations and sustainable relations with nature WIDE
News,
« However, industrial and financial value creation is based on a
thick layer of social regeneration, care work and social safety nets on the one
hand and the regenerative power of nature on the other. The capitalist
valorisation process constantly appropriates those social and natural
performances, without remuneration or by mercilessly underpaying for personal services
such as care for the elderly – work allegedly considered of little
productivity. (p.1)»
« A crucial building block of a solidarity-based
and justice-oriented economic regime would be a redistribution and revaluation
of waged labour and care labour, of production and reproduction. This could be
a cornerstone for an economy which gives preference to provision for all and
cooperation over growth,
competition and profit maximisation, and puts the economy as well as
democracy back on its feet: it would plan, regulate and decide about the
division of labour, markets, well-being and development from the bottom up, in
a decentralised and gender-just manner. (p.4) »
Integrated development projects endeavour to generate
productive activities for the handicapped, including the blind.. Communities
can make long-term investments– for example in soap-nut plantations (sapindus
trifiolatus, perhaps even sapindis mukorossi ) which begin to produce fruit
after nine years, or through the management of communication points, or work in
cooperative plant nurseries. Productive work opportunities available in
cooperative local economic systems set up under integrated development projects
make it possible for the needy to make their own contribution according to the
physical possibilities, thereby reducing the net contributions made under the
social security systems.
The system of redistribution
for the benefit of the needy in integrated development projects is «automatically » in
place as soon as the three levels of social management and the financial
structures foreseen are in place.
1. Research.
Make a two-page description of how the three-tiered social security
structures built into integrated development projects work. Your work should
have five sections : an introduction, one for each administrative level, and
a conclusion.
The social solidarity provided
under integrated development projects is complementary to formal circuit
structures provided by the local council, the region, or the state. Integrated development projects are not intended
as substitutes for state or public obligations.
2. Research.
On one page make a list of support services made available by formal
structures to the needy in your project
area, and those you think would need to be covered at project level.
3. Research.
On one page explain how services to the needy in integrated development
projects qualify automatically as regularly paid productive work within the
framework of the local money systems set up.
4. Opinion.
You are the general manager for the on-going administration of an
integrated development project. Suppose and (improbable) situation arises where
the the debit balances of some needy people were to become unsupportable for
the community. On one page, explain which action you would recommend the
Central Committee to take.
5. Opinion.
Describe on one page how the social security system foreseen is immune
(or, where applicable, open) to fraudulent actions.
◄ Fourth block : Section 2 : The social
structures.
◄ Fourth block : The structures to
be created.
◄ Main index for the
Diploma in Integrated Development (Dip. Int. Dev.)
"Money
is not the key that opens the gates of the market but the bolt that bars
them."
Gesell,
Silvio, The Natural Economic Order, revised English edition, Peter Owen,
“Poverty is created scarcity”
Wahu Kaara, point 8 of the Global Call to Action Against Poverty, 58th
annual NGO Conference, United Nations,
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