Director,
T.E.(Terry)
Manning,
Schoener 50,
1771 ED
Wieringerwerf,
The Netherlands.
Tel:
0031-227-604128
Homepage:
http://www.flowman.nl
E-mail:
(nameatendofline)@xs4all.nl : bakensverzet
and
"Money is not
the key that opens the gates of the market but the bolt that bars them"
Gesell, Silvio The
Natural Economic Order
Revised English edition,
Peter Owen,
“Poverty is created scarcity”
Wahu Kaara, point 8 of the Global Call to Action Against Poverty, 58th
annual NGO Conference, United Nations,
DRAWING OF STRUCTURES
AUDITING STRUCTURES
CASH FLOW DIAGRAM.
HOW THE ORIGINAL SEED LOAN MONEY IS USED.
TANK COMMISSIONS - THE KEY STRUCTURES.
WELL COMMISSIONS
The responsibilities of the
various parties which would presumably be involved in the project are:
04.11.01 THE PARTNER NGOs.
NGOs, led by (name),
who are interested in underwriting or joining a partnership for the promotion
of the project, analyse and where necessary improve the project documents,
approve them and sign a partnership declaration
with an indication of the contribution (by way of gift or by way of
interest-free loan) they intend to make to the project costs. Each partner
nominates a member to the ad-hoc committee of project partnership members.
04.11.02 THE AD-HOC
COMMITTEE OF PROJECT PARTNERSHIP MEMBERS.
The ad-hoc committee is made
up of one person nominated by each of the members of the partnership of NGOs
set up to promote the project. The committee acts on behalf of the partner NGOs
to set up 04.11.02 THE LOCAL NGO "KIOGORO
INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT” FOR THE EXECUTION OF THE PROJECT.
Once the named NGO is operative, the ad-hoc
committee has completed its task and is dissolved.
The ad-hoc committee may
also choose set up the LOCAL NGO "COOPERATIVE FOR KIOGORO” FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF THE
PROJECT STRUCTURES. It may also choose to leave this task to the NGO "KIOGORO INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT”
04.11.03 THE LOCAL
NGO "KIOGORO INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT” FOR THE EXECUTION OF THE PROJECT
The NGO Kiogoro Integrated
Development Project officially fronts for the project. It is formally
constituted by a partnership of founding NGO’s. Its founding members are respected and accepted by the population
in the project area and enjoys their confidence. The NGO Kiogoro Integrated
Development Project has (number) board members. They are paid, where necessary,
by the founding members of the NGO who nominate them.
External financing parties
other than founding members of the NGO may nominate their representatives (paid
,where necessary, by the financing parties themselves) to the on-going auditing commission set up for the purpose
of monitoring project progress.
The board of the NGO has approved
the project. [It has presented it for supplementary financing within the
framework of (a country programme (name) supported by a donor government
(name)) (the financing facility in question) . ]
The NGO holds the project
funds in one or more capital accounts in the name of the Project New Horizons for Kiogoro, as is
set out in the drawing of the bank
structures.
The NGO sets up the NGO "COOPERATIVE FOR KIOGORO” for the on-going management of the project
structures if the ad-hoc committee has not already done so.
The NGO nominates the
project coordinator and transfers project funds project funds from time to time
from the capital account(s) to executive accounts in the name of the Kiogoro
Integrated Development Project as provided in "THE STATUTES OF THE NGO KIOGORO INTEGRATED
DEVELOPMENT PROJECT” . Payments are either made or put at the free and
unconditional disposal of the Project Coordinator as provided in those
statutes.
The NGO may not interfere in
the execution of the project, except to carry out its auditing and monitoring
duties.
The NGO nominates
(eventually together with external financing parties) the commission for
on-going audit of project activities. The commission for on-going audit answers
to the board of the NGO and to the independent auditor.
The NGO nominates an
independent auditor for periodic and final audits.
The chairman of the NGO
countersigns with the Project Coordinator
payments out of the Project’s executive accounts for a value between €
5.000 and €15.000. Payments over
€15.000 must be specifically authorised by the Board of Directors of the NGO.
Payments under € 5.000 are made independently by the project coordinator.
At the request of the
project coordinator, the NGO transfers ownership and management of project
structures to the NGO "COOPERATIVE FOR KIOGORO” as the structures are set up in the course of
project execution and become operative.
04.11.04 THE LOCAL
NGO "COOPERATIVE FOR KIOGORO” FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF THE PROJECT STRUCTURES.
The NGO Cooperative New Horizons
for Kiogoro is set up by the ad-hoc committee, or if that committee chooses not
to do so, by the NGO "KIOGORO
INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT”
All adults living in the
project area are automatically members of the NGO Cooperative for Kiogoro. They
elect the various organs of the NGO as described in detail in the STATUTES OF THE COOPERATIVE FOR KIOGORO and in the project documents. The elective
organs of the NGO are organised in three levels each with its own carefully
prescribed tasks.
04.11.05 THE
PROJECT COORDINATOR.
The
project coordinator is responsible, together with the general consultant, for
the project preparation, for contacts with local authorities and banks and with
the users, for the actual implementation of the project. The project
coordinator is also responsible for all
professional work or operations that cannot, at the time of the project, be
provided from within the local communities. The project coordinator is responsible for the operation and
maintenance of all project structures until they are transferred by the KIOGORO
INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT to
the COOPERATIVE FOR KIOGORO.
The
project coordinator operates executive bank accounts in the name of the Project
independently for amounts up to € 5.000. Payments between € 5.000 and €15.000 are
co-signed by the Chairman of the Board of the NGO KIOGORO INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Payments over €15.000 must be expressly
authorised by that Board.
The
fees of the project coordinator have been agreed and are formalised in section 07.10
budget documents.
The
project coordinator has exclusive control over formal currency funds deposited
by the project in the Cooperative Local
Development Fund.
04.11.06
THE GENERAL CONSULTANT (Terry Manning).
The general consultant is
responsible for formulating the project, initial coordination with the NGO
Africa A.H.E.A.D., initial contacts for setting up the Organizational
Workshops, for the organisation (through the Workshops) of the local money LETS
systems, setting up a Micro Credit system, coordinating with the gypsum
composites specialist in setting up local gypsum composites production units,
delivering pumps, PV-panels and related materials needed to implement the
project. He will act as consultant to the Project Coordinator (through the
Workshops) for the training and supervision of water supply, water quality and
hygiene control and maintenance personnel identified during the Workshops.
04.11.07
ORGANISATIONAL WORKSHOPS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ORGANIZATION WORKSHOPS
Most activities will be executed by the local people
themselves. Organizational workshops (mass capacitation workshops or OW's)
following the method of the Brazilian Clodomir Santos de Morais will be held
for the various sectors of activity involved. During the workshops the users
will organise themselves respecting the principles of the division of labour.
Amongst the activities for which Organizational
Workshops will be held are:
Setting up
Health Clubs.
Setting up Tank- and Well-commissions and the central project management unit.
Setting up the local money (LETS) systems.
Setting up gypsum composites production units.
Setting up structures for the water supply systems.
Setting up structures for the sanitation systems.
Setting up structures for the growing of bio-mass to fuel high efficiency
stoves.
Setting up the Cooperative Local Development Fund and the interest-free
micro-credit system.
Setting up the waste recycling system.
Setting up structures for rainwater harvesting.
Setting up the local radio station.
Setting up export-import cooperatives.
Setting up a net-work of local agrarian consultants.
The costs of the Workshops are set out separately in the balance sheet.
The Organizational workshops will typically directly involve about 6.000-7.000 users representing some 10% of the adult population.
04.11.08 (EXTERNAL FUNDING AUTHORITY – NAME IF KNOWN)
The external funding authority (NAME IF KNOWN) will, on acceptance of the application of the
AD-HOC COMMITTEE OF PROJECT PARTNERSHIP
MEMBERS , or of the NGO KIOGORO INTEGRATED
DEVELOPMENT PROJECT” as the case may be,
make available its [%] share of the grant or interest-free loan necessary for the project
by way of payment into a capital account in Euros in the name of the KIOGORO INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT.
04.11.09 LOCAL
FUNDING BY THE LOCAL POPULATION
Local funding for 25% of the
project budget is paid by the local population through conversion of its
contribution in work at the rate of Euro 3 for each 8 hours working day. The
total expected contribution is (number) of working days, representing (number
of hours) work. The number of hours’
work and the value of the contribution is set out item by item in the project budget.
04.11.10
THE NYANZA PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY
The Nyanza Provincial Assembly
will be an enabling body only. It will guarantee the continuity of the local
currency (LETS) systems. Before the project begins, it will guarantee transfer
of ownership of the project to the local communities subject to reversion of
ownership to the project in case of default in payments. It will ensure, by
agreement with the Central Government, that goods imported for the project come
into (the project’s host country) Duty Free.
04.11.11 LOCALLY
ELECTED MP'S (names)
The local MPs will do everything in their power to guarantee respect by the national, regional and local administrative authorities the continuity of the local currency (LETS) systems, the importation of goods destined for the project without the application of customs duties taxes or other formal levies, and the transfer of the project structures to the users.
They will act as liaison points between the Project Coordinator on the one hand and the local political institutions on the other. They may take full political credit for the project, but will agree not to otherwise intervene in its organisation, implementation or day to day running.
04.11.12 THE
KISII DISTRICT COUNCIL
The Kisii district council will formally approve the project. It will
act as an enabling body. It may take full political credit for the project implementation,
but will not otherwise intervene in the organisation, implementation or day to
day running of the project. It will guarantee and respect decisions of the
vested authorities in relation to ownership of the project goods and services,
and fully support the local currency (LETS) systems and the duty-free entry
into the project area of goods to be used in the project.
The council will approve reasonable project proposals for laying and
embedding water pipelines to dedicated water tanks, drilling bore holes,
digging wells, locating and building sanitation facilities, siting of Gypsum
composites manufacturing units, siting of, and collection of rubbish by,
recycling centres.
04.11.13 THE
KIOGORO RURAL AREA COUNCIL
The Kiogoro rural area council will formally approve the project. It
will act as an enabling body. It may take full political credit for the project
implementation, but will not otherwise intervene in the organisation,
implementation or day to day running of the project. It will guarantee and
respect decisions of the vested authorities in relation to ownership of the
project goods and services, and fully support the local currency (LETS) systems
and the duty-free entry into the project area of goods to be used in the
project.
The council will approve reasonable project proposals for laying and
embedding water pipelines to dedicated water tanks, drilling bore holes,
digging wells, locating and building sanitation facilities, siting of Gypsum
composites manufacturing units, siting of, and collection of rubbish by,
recycling centres.
04.11.14
THE LOCAL (PROVINCIAL?) HEALTH AUTHORITIES
The local health authorities are responsible for health services in the project area.. They will respect the administrative decisions taken by the Provincial Government relating to the Project and will approve of the use of their own Health Workers within the framework of the Community Health Clubs' hygiene education programme to be set up by Africa A.H.E.A.D.
They have read and have
approved section 05.62 Health
aspects of the project.
The health authorities (will approve, have approved) that their health workers be paid in the local LETS currencies for any work not already covered under their existing salaries.
They (will approve, have approved) that ownership of drinking water facilities, sanitation services where supplied, PV lighting, PV refrigeration, and water testing equipment placed in clinics within the project area be vested in the tank commissions in whose areas the clinics are situated.
They support hygiene education courses in schools in the project area.
They (will reach, have reached) an agreement with the project coordinator to ensure training of (women) users at on-going checks of water quality, and systematic inspections of the sanitation facilities built within the framework of the project. Testing and inspection work not already included within the Health Workers' salaries will be paid for in the local LETS currencies. The equipment for conducting such systematic water quality tests will be made available under the project to a local clinic or hospital and financed by testing work carried out by the clinic for third parties outside of the project area.
PV lighting, sanitation where needed and refrigeration for medicines for the clinics in the project area would be paid for by the communities as they do for drinking water facilities dedicated to the clinics and schools in the project area. Ownership would in this case be vested in the tank commission in whose territory the clinic is located. PV lighting and refrigeration installations in clinics outside the project area serving users inside the project area need to be separately discussed. The disposal, where required, of specialised waste from clinics will be addressed separately.
The health authorities will train make regular hygiene
inspections of the local recycling centres.
04.11.15 THE LOCAL
(PROVINCIAL?) EDUCATION AUTHORITIES
The education authorities have
read and have approved section 05.63 Education of the project.
The education authorities (will approve, have approved) that ownership of drinking water and sanitation facilities and PV lighting placed in schools within the project area be vested in the tank commissions where the schools are located. They (will also approve, have approved) that the teachers' commissions nominated to operate water and sanitation services and PV lighting report to the local tank commissions.
They support hygiene education courses in the schools in the project area and approve the reasonable course curriculum presented by the Project Coordinator and apply it during normal school hours.
04.11.16
THE LOCAL TAX AUTHORITIES
The Project Coordinator will reach a binding agreement with the tax authorities, before the Project gets under way, to ensure that the tax authorities are not deprived of current tax revenue.
The project is based on a tax moratorium of at least 20 years on all LETS activities.
The tax authorities will define LETS activities carried out in LETS currencies under the project as non-commercial, and therefore non-taxable.
04.11.17
THE COOPERATIVE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT FUND AND MICRO-CREDIT INSTITUTION
The Cooperative Local
Development Fund is described in section 05.22 Interest-free cooperative
micro-credit structures of the project. It will administer project
funds contributed on a monthly basis by the local inhabitants. It forms part of
the structures operated on three levels by the COOPERATIVE FOR KIOGORO. It will NOT
intervene in the decisions relating to the granting of the loans. These are
made by the inhabitants themselves according to the rules they set up during
the micro-credits workshop.
All shares in the Cooperative Local Development Fund are held by the COOPERATIVE FOR KIOGORO on trust for the people of the project area.
The capital in the fund is in principle inalienable. It is used to finance
micro-credit loans for the people themselves, to pay on-going formal money
operation and maintenance costs, to repay (where necessary) any ten year
interest-free seed loans, and to cover further formal money extensions to
project structures.
04.11.18
THE LOCAL GYPSUM COMPOSITE PRODUCTION UNITS
These units will make, with a
sanitary finish where necessary, ecological items such as water tanks, water
containers, well-linings, san-plats in low cost labour intensive production
units with up to 100% local value added. They will also make the high
efficiency stoves and solar cookers. The Project will finance them on an
interest-free basis with a pay-back period of 3-5 years. These costs are itemised in the project budget. They will operate autonomously. They will
usually sell their products within the project area in the local LETS currency,
and a specified maximum percentage of their production outside the project area
in formal currency. Precedence will be given to making items of top priority to
the Project. Ownership of the production units passes to the cooperative
factory owners after construction, subject to reversionary rights of the
project in case of default in repayments. Until full repayment the cooperative
factory owners answer to the Project Coordinator.
04.11.19
TANK COMMISSIONS
TANK COMMISSIONS - THE KEY STRUCTURES.
Every
water tank supplies an area or group of households with water. A tank
commission, elected by the users, will supervise the use of the tank and its
associated works, the collection of the monthly contributions and the carrying
out of minor operations such as keeping tank areas clean. Each tank commission
will be paid a small monthly fee in formal currency, equivalent to perhaps Euro
5 per month, which it is free to spend as it wishes. Since women enjoy the
greatest benefits from the execution and on-going management of the project,
they should provide most of the tank commission members.
The tanks commissions will
be set up using the Moraisian organisational workshop method. Their form may
vary from one are of the area to another.
The tank commissions will
nominate one of their members to liaise with the system maintenance structures
set up.
The tank commissions would
also be responsible for study rooms and PV lighting and for coordination of
recycling in their area.
They will nominate a
literate person to liaise with the local LETS system coordinator.
The drinking water
installations and sanitation services dedicated to schools and clinics will be
supervised by commissions of respectively teachers and medical staff who will
report to the tank commissions where the schools and clinics are located.
Ownership of these installations will be vested in the local tank commissions
with the consent of the local Education and Health authorities. The costs of
loan repayment and maintenance of these installations are built into the users'
monthly payments.
PV lighting, PV
refrigeration, and water testing equipment supplied to clinics in the project
area would likewise be run by the medical commission supervising the water
supply. Ownership of these structures will be vested, with the consent of the
Health Authorities, in the tank commissions where the clinics located. The
medical commission will report to the local tank commission.
The problem of specialist
waste removal from clinics, where needed, will need to be studied separately.
The tank commissions will
also convene regular meetings to discuss activities under their local LETS
system and priorities for micro-credits.
The tank commissions will
elect the well commissions.
The tank
commissions will nominate a female candidate from their own area to carry out
cooperative inspection of the sanitation, rainwater harvesting, and cooking
facilities installed, and arrange for her training.
04.11.20 WELL
COMMISSIONS
Every well/bore hole area
comprises:
- The well or bore hole itself
- The backup hand pump installation
- The washing area
- The enclosure for PV systems and supports
- A guard system for the PV installations
The well
commission, elected by the tank commissions, supervises the use of the
structures common to the water supply system, and carries out minor maintenance
operations such as cleaning washing areas, well areas, and backup hand pump
systems. The well commission also regulates use of the well area in case of
crisis or calamity. It collectively receives a small monthly payment in the
local LETS currency (e.g. the equivalent of Euro 5 per month) which it is free
to spend as it wishes. Since women enjoy the greatest benefits from the
execution and on-going management of the project, they should provide most of
the well commission members.
The
well commission will nominate one of its members to liaise with the system
maintenance structures set up and with those responsible at tank commission
level for maintenance.
The
well commissions will nominate a female candidate from their own area to
monitor the cooperative inspection of the sanitation, rainwater harvesting, and
cooking facilities carried out at tank commission level, and arrange for her
training.
The
well commissions elect the central project management unit.
04.11.21
This
NGO originally from
The
Community Health Clubs will be set up, and local health workers trained to lead
the hygiene education courses during a Moraisian organizational workshop.
A
hygiene education course for use in the schools in the project area will be
developed the same way, and health workers and teachers trained to apply it.
04.11.22
THE GYSPUM COMPOSITES SPECIALIST
A gypsum composites
specialist will be invited to participate as consultant during the Organization
Workshop during which the local gypsum composite production units in the project area will be
set up. .
04.11.23 MEDICAL
COMMISSIONS
Medical commissions will
supervise installations supplied to clinics under the project. They will report
to the tank commission where the clinic is situated. They will where required
arrange with the Project Management for collection of special medical waste
products.
04.11.24 TEACHERS
COMMISSIONS
Teachers commissions will
supervise drinking water and lighting installations supplied to schools under
the project.
They will support and apply
the approved hygiene education courses in the schools.
They will report to the tank
commissions where the school is located.
04.11.25 THE
AUDITING COMMISSION
The auditing commission is
set up by the NGO KIOGORO INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT to monitor project progress. It will have a member nominated by each
member of the Board of Directors of the NGO Kiogoro Integrated Development
Project. The members are paid (if required) by the partner on whose behalf they
are nominated. The commission has full powers of inspection.
The auditing commission
answers to the Board of Directors of the NGO Kiogoro Integrated Development
Project and to the independent auditor.
04.11.26 THE
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR
The Board of Directors of
the NGO KIOGORO INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (eventually operating in agreement with external funding agencies)
nominates an independent auditor to supply periodic and final project audits.
It controls the work of the Commission
for on-going audit. The independent auditor answers to all project partners, to
the Board of Directors of the NGO Kiogoro Integrated Development Project, and
to external funding agencies. He/she informs
the auditing commission and the
project coordinator of his/her actions. The independent auditor enjoys full
powers of inspection at all project administrative and executive levels.
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