NGO "ANOTHER WAY" (STICHTING BAKENS VERZET), NETHERLANDS, SUSTAINABLE INTEGRATED SELF-FINANCING DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AND ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGIES

Look at Figure 5 on page 29 of the book 09.40 Sawyer, R. (ed) Closing the Loop : Ecological sanitation, SIDA Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Publications on Eau Resources n. 18, Mexico City, 2001 ISBN 91-586-8935-4.

Read Münch, E. von and Winker M., Technology review : Urine Diversion Components, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit Gmbh (GTZ), Ecos-san team, Eschborn, December 2009. Then look at the models in tables 2 and 3 of the technical data sheet accompanying the review, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit Gmbh (GTZ), Ecos-san team, Eschborn, April 2010.

1. Research.

Discuss the designs of toilets with urine diversion with women in your project area. On one page describe the model they prefer, and why. This may be different moreover than the ones illustrated..

2. Research.

To promote personal hygiene are toilet visits and during menstruation, integrated development projects provide for the use of bidets Discuss this with the women in your project area. Do they know what bidets are ? Do they have any suggestions on the design of the bidets ? Would that want to wash their sanitary towels (or local equivalent) in the bidets ? Would they want to use them to wash their babies ? Provide a one-page summary of the results of your discussions.

3. Research.

To urinate in eco-toilets with urine diversion (see above) men and boys would have to sit on the toilet to urinate. They might no want to do that. In that case, a urinal for men and boys could be placed next to the toilet. On one page, summarise the views of the local population in your project area on this subject.

4. Research.

In some societies toilets are expected to be designed so as to ensure that women enjoy full privacy. On one page describe any particular requirements and customs applicable to your chosen project area.

The Model provides for the construction of public toilets near public places. Populations might wish to choose public toilets (serving 50 families) at tank commission level instead of 50 individual toilets. In that case the public toilets would be run (mainly by local women, though the participation of men would not be excluded) as cooperative enterprises, with the creation of hundreds of «jobs » .

5. Opinion.

Read information on the Sulabh Health Movement in India, which was awarded the Stockholm Water Prize for 2009. On page make a comparison of the operation of the Sulabh toilet system in India and that of the public toilets foreseen in integrated development projects.