NGO Another Way (Stichting Bakens Verzet), 1018 AM
SELF-FINANCING, ECOLOGICAL,
SUSTAINABLE, LOCAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR THE WORLD’S POOR
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FREE E-COURSE FOR DIPLOMA IN INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT |
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Edition 09: 26 March, 2009
Edition 10 : 28
September, 2011.
Edition 11 : 09
December, 2011.
CREATIVE
PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS TO POVERTY REDUCTION.
This
website provides simple, down-to-earth practical solutions to poverty- and development-related problems. It sets out
step by step how the solutions are put into effect. By following the steps, users can draft their
own advanced ecological sustainable integrated development projects and apply
for their seed financing. Social, financial, productive and service structures
are set up in a critical order of sequence and carefully integrated with each
other. That way, cooperative, interest-free, inflation-free local economic
environments are formed in project areas. Local initiative and true competition
are then free to flourish there.
More
information :
Click here for a very simple summary of a typical
integrated development project.
Click here to see an
executive summary which provides a short analysis of a typical integrated development
project.
Click here to see
the Model itself, a standard project index.
Click here to see a full-year e-learning course at
post-masters level for the Diploma in Integrated Development (
Dip. Int. Dev.) The course is available on-line for use by
all. Anyone interested can follow the full course free of charge. The Diploma
in Integrated Development ( Dip. Int. Dev.) itself is awarded only to students
following the course with tutor support, against payment for tutorship on a
costs-recovery basis. Diploma graduates qualify to lead integrated development
projects and to train others. Just reading the course material provides full
information on the concepts and methods the Model is based on.
FACULTIES OF INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT STUDIES.
Faculties of Integrated
Development Studies need to be formed at State-owned and/or privately-owned
universities and post-graduate schools. The faculties would run
tutor-led post-graduate courses for the diploma in integrated development
mentioned in 01 below, provide a Master’s course in Integrated Development
Studies as set out in section 02 below,
and provide integrated development course modules for inclusion in
Master’s level studies in other academic sectors such as Administration, Agronomy, Development Studies, Ecology, Economy, Education,
Millennium Development Goals, Political Sciences, Social sciences, Women’s
Rights etc. according to the choices made by the faculties of Partner Universities. This is set out in
section 03 below.
Workshops can be
organised as set out in section 04 below, to introduce Integrated Development
Studies to Universities for the purposes of setting a Faculty of Integrated
Development Studies up there.
Universities can
also sponsor workshops for the drafting of regional or national integrated
development plans as set out in section 05 below, and for the promotion of
monetary reform as set out in section 06 below.
COURSES AND WORKSHOPS.
01. [Click for ] E-course : Diploma in Integrated Development (Dip. Int. Dev.)
The entire documentation on
self-financing, ecological, sustainable, local integrated development projects
available at www.integrateddevelopment.org has been placed in the
public domain. The documentation includes an advanced 12 months’ e-learning
course for the Diploma in Integrated Development Anyone interested can follow the e-learning
course free of charge and in their own time. However, «free » studies
to do not qualify for the academic diploma Dip. Int. Dev. This is because there
is no effective control over exercises, research, block reports to guarantee
the level of the student’s work. Independent students are not required to sit
block and section exams and do not enjoy the benefits of professional tutorship
and formal approval of their project work.
During the course, each student
systematically collects information needed for the integrated development of
his/her chosen project area of origin. This is then used at the end of the
course to draft a complete documentation for the integrated development of the
area concerned. By completing this documentation, students automatically
qualify to act as project coordinators for the projects they have drafted the
documentation for. Female students are in principle preferred to male students,
as women are expected to play a dominating role in the creation and running of
integrated development project structures.
Since about 20 projects are
needed for each million people, many students will be needed in a relatively
short time world-wide to guarantee rapid execution of integrated development projects to eliminate
poverty.
The first students in each
country or region to complete the execution of their individual pilot projects
and submit full reports on them should qualify for a Ph. D. Identification and description of
problems and bottlenecks faced and resolved during early project applications
create precedents for those following.
02. [Click for ] Studies and theses for the
title : Master in Integrated Development (M. Int. Dev.)
The diploma e-course together with the Model for self-financing ecological integrated development projects together form the basic study material for the
courses. There are many subjects directly related to integrated development
that are suitable for original study work for theses. Some of the sectors concerned may form
“virgin territories”.
Study points in the proposals published have
been based on the main study blocks of the diploma e-course. Where required, the main study blocks
can easily be broken down into smaller units or sections as the various
faculties may think fit.
04. Workshops on Integrated
Development Concepts.
Participative workshops can be organised to
introduce the simple and logical concepts behind integrated development to
policy-makers and decision-makers at all levels. .
The workshops can be adapted in both length
and relative complexity according to the
preferences and requirements of co-organising parties. These might be sub-regional
entities such as ECOWAS and the Organisation of
African States and their counterparts on other continents, universities,
ministries, and NGOs. They will usually involve :
An introduction : What is the problem?
What do we have to do to solve it?
How do we do it? This covers the
structures which need to be set up, how they are set up, run and maintained.
How much does it cost? This last will usually include an analysis of the
possibilities offered by the CDM mechanism under the
In
the introduction, an analysis is made of the commercial character of western
development aid. The second section deals with basic requirements necessary for
a good quality of life for all and why the current financial system fails to
guarantee them. The role of formal money as a catalyst for commercial
transactions is examined, together with the role played by interest and limited
liability companies in recent economic development. The self-designed,
executed, managed, maintained, and owned
social, financial, production and service structures created in projects
according to the Model are described together with the sequence of formation
necessary for them to be successful in solving the poverty question. The real
cost of development is discussed in the last section where the conclusion is
reached that existing funds for development world-wide would be enough to ban
the poverty problem from the world within a few years.
Workshops
may by arrangement concentrate on specific subject related to integrated development,
A few examples are :
Credit
crises.
Education
and integrated development.
Environment
and climate adaptation.
Food
security and sustainable agriculture.
Gender
and women’s rights.
Health
and integrated development.
Millennium
goals.
Policy
implications of integrated development.
Poverty,
its root causes and appropriate integrated solutions to it.
Role
of women in development.
Water
and sanitation in integrated development projects.
Workshops
organised by institutions in the
For
workshops organised outside of the
Programmes
and budgets for workshops are usually drafted and supplied free of charge.
05. Workshops for the drafting of regional or
national integrated development plans.
The
Model makes the drafting of fully detailed national or regional integrated development plans
to meet nearly all of
the Millennium goals quick, easy, and cheap. How quickly the
plans are prepared depends on the number of people (usually students or active
members of grass-roots NGOs) and the number of individual projects (about 20
for each million inhabitants) involved. The maximum period for plan preparation
is about three months, the minimum period one month. Plans involving
populations over 10.000.000 cost about 2.5 eurocents ( € 0.025) per person. Smaller plans involving up
to 1.000.000 inhabitants may cost up to 15 eurocents ( €
0.15) per person, depending on population spread and the size of the project areas.
National
and regional plans involve the drafting of individual project documentations
under the Model for each area with about 50.000 inhabitants in the country or
region. Their preparation has practical advantages. Authors of the individual
project documentations receive direct personal hands-on training on the
application of the principles behind the Model, so that they qualify to act as
coordinators for the projects they have drafted. Another advantage is that the
financiers of the plans, the costs of which vary from about €
100.000 to € 300.000 depending on the populations, get to
know the local grass-roots NGOs involved. Successful preparation of the
national or regional plan should make it easier for the same financiers to
contribute to the cost of pilot projects in the poorest areas covered by the
plan.
The indicated costs include the travel and modest
accommodation costs of Stichting Bakens
Verzet. We also charge a small survival fee. This is
the same as the current per-diem allowance for accommodation, meals, local
travel within the place of mission and sundry expenses for experts under
external aid contracts financed by the European Commission for the country in
question. The list is published each year by the Commission in December for the
following year and varies from country to country from about € 100 to €
A
complete section of the diploma course is
dedicated to regional and national plans :
Section 1: Regional and
national plans.
Section 2: Inter-project
relations.
Inter-project relations at
regional level.
Inter-project relations at
national level.
Section 3: Plan proposal for the
integrated development of your district or region.
Section 4: Plan proposal for the
integrated development of your country.
06. [Click for ] Workshops on Monetary Reform.
Material
available at website www.integrateddevelopment.org includes advanced
analyses of the
current debt-based financial system.
Workshops
organised by institutions in the
For
workshops organised outside of the
Programmes
and budgets for workshops are usually drafted and supplied free of charge.
PROJECT STRUCTURES.
The structures created during the execution of each project have many
policy implications. These are described in the paper Policy implications of an
innovative model for self-financing ecological sustainable development for the
world's poor where some of the anthropological bases for the three-tiered
on-going project management structures are also discussed.
The
following Powerpoint presentations are available :
Project structures for
integrated development. Powerpoint presentation : 43
slides.
Poverty, its causes, what is needed to eliminate it. Powerpoint
presentation : 24 slides.
Project architecture for integrated development. Powerpoint
presentation : 14 slides.
PROJECT COSTS.
A
typical project budget for an area with 50.000 inhabitants is €5.000.000, or
€100 for each inhabitant. Of this, 25% is contributed directly by the
people themselves. This is done by way of conversion into
Euros of the costs of goods supplied and work done by the local inhabitants for
the execution of the project under the interest-free cooperative local money structures set up in an early
phase of the project. This contribution usually amounts to 425.000 days of 8
hours’ work. Allowing for a rate of conversion of Euro 3 for each day of work,
the amount contributed by the people is €1.250.000, or roughly 25% of the total
project costs. This means the amount made available by third parties by way of
gift or by way of interest-free ten year loan is 75% of the total project costs
being about €3.750.000 in all or €75 for each inhabitant. Exactly how this
money is split up amongst the various project structures is set out in detail
in the balance sheet.
Some 35-40%
is used for the drinking water structures, to cover the cost of drilling
boreholes (where necessary), pumps, solar panels and other equipment. About
15-20 % is used for interest-free loans to enable local people to set up
production facilities to make items necessary for the execution of the project
structures. There are no costs involved in the drafting of the project
documents and applications for their seed financing, as these are done under
the Model. This means that the cost of foreign consultants for pilot projects
in each country is limited to 10% (about € 350.000) of the formal money part of
the project budget. The execution of
each project includes the training of people to lead the execution of similar
projects in adjacent areas, so that the system is sustainably self-propagating.
PAYMENT OF PROJECT COSTS.
While it is obviously and advantage
for the local populations for the initial capital required to be paid by donors
in the form of a gift, there are two methods guaranteeing its repayment, where
required, in a single lump sum at the
close of the first ten year operational
cycle of each individual project.
The first way is through a menu of 13 applications for CDM finance under the Kyoto Protocol. For full information
on this please refer to Kyoto
Protocol : Analysis of
possibilities for finance. Indications are that net CDM income per project could be to the order of €
24.000.000, enabling standard projects ( initial capital € 3.750.000) to be repaid by the end of the sixth year of operation on
the basis of CDM income for the first five years, and
projects in pastoralist areas (initial capital
€ 5.600.000) to be repaid by the
end of the eighth year of operation on the basis of CDM
income for the first seven years.
The second (backup)
way of financing integrated development projects is through the Local Cooperative
Development Fund set up in each project area. The beneficiary populations make
a monthly payment of (at least Euro 3 per family of five) into this fund. The
very poor, sick and handicapped can be subsidised under a three-tiered social
security system set up for that purpose. The money in the fund is
systematically recycled interest-free to the local users for micro-credits for
productive investments amounting in all to at least € 16.000.000 (or € 1.500
per family) over the first ten year period. The fund is organised so that the
amount in it is sufficient to repay the initial interest-free capital
investment in a single lump sum after the first ten year operational
cycle. In case of payment, the amount in the Cooperative Local
Development Fund drops temporarily back to zero. The families continue to make
their monthly contributions to the Fund, so the amount in the Fund gradually
builds up again during the second ten years period as it did in the first, and
is again recycled interest-free for micro-credits for productivity development until it is needed
to pay for capital extensions and capital goods replacements after twenty
years. At that point, the Fund dips back
to zero again and slowly builds up again during the third ten-year period and
so on in an inherently permanently sustainable way.
For illustrations of the micro-credit system
proposed, please refer to :
Illustration
of the micro-credits system.
How the original grant of
seed-loan is used.
Illustration of the
interest-free loan cycle.
For full details on the economic aspects of integrated
development projects, please refer to Block 8 : Economic aspects of the Diploma Course.
Interest-free loans for various project structures transferred to
private persons or cooperatives are paid back into the Cooperative Local
Development Fund over a period of 3-5 years.
COSTS AND BENEFITS ASSESSMENT.
Integrated development projects bring about a
general mobilisation of the local populations in each project area. Real annual
benefits are several times the total cost of the initial capital investment in
the projects.
Total
potential annual benefits amount to more than €
The costs and benefits are described in the simple summary of a typical integrated development
project.
They include :
Agriculture and
food security : Savings for food importation Euro 6.387.500 per year; CDM (Kyoto) application fruit and nut trees up to a total
of Euro 6.590.000 over 50 years (average €
Ecology, conservation and
energy : Potential sale value of extra standing timber Euro 178.000 per year;
savings in fertilisers Euro 217.000 per year; reforestation of local forest
lands parks and reserves under the Kyoto protocol for a total of up to Euro
10.500.000 over 50 years (average €
Finance : Reduction in the
costs for the purchase of wood (or
alternative fuels) for cooking, Euro 730.000 per year; savings in formal money
interest and costs in connection with the operation of the Cooperative Local
Development Fund, Euro
Health : Reduction of
costs of medical treatment for water-borne diseases, Euro 500.000 per year;
productivity increase due to reduction of illness due to water-borne diseases,
Euro 450.000 per year; reduction in the
costs of treating suffering from hunger, due to inadequate hygiene and smoke in
and around homes, Euro 250.000 per year; reduction of 50% in the costs of
treatment for malaria, Euro 100.000 per year;
increase of productivity due to reduction in the number of cases of
malaria, Euro 90.000 per year; reduction in the cost of urgent transportation
of sick family members to hospital, Euro 190.000. The expected total annual
benefits in the health sector amount to € 1.490.000.
Water and
sanitation : Water points at 100m. from homes, Euro 1.095.000 per year; benefits
from local washing places, Euro 624.000 per year. The expected total annual
benefits in the water and sanitation sector amount to € 1.719.000.
Women’s rights : Elimination of
the need to fetch firewood, Euro
For full information on the costs and benefits of
integrated development projects, please refer to Sect. 3 : Costs and benefits
analysis of Block 8 : Economic aspects of the Diploma Course.
More specifically :
Costs and benefits analysis : introduction.
Costs and benefits analysis : details.
WOMEN’S RIGHTS.
Integrated
development projects fully comply with the terms of all international
declarations relating to women’s rights. A majority participation of women in
the management of all project structures at all levels is guaranteed. The
workload on women is strongly reduced. Their health conditions are improved,
and they receive full access to all education facilities available in the
project area. Use of the local money
system and the cooperative interest-free micro-credit structures set up enable
women to increase their income and, where desired, achieve financial
independence.
For
more details, see the file on women’s rights.
Still more information on the relationship between integrated development
projects and the rights of women can be found in Section 1: Gender of the course
for the Diploma in Integrated Development.
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS
AND SUSTAINABILITY.
Integrated
development projects are fully sustainable. Click the file ecological aspects to see how the project
concepts allow for energy-neutral structures, a wide use of alternative energy
technologies, and the conservation of the natural resources in project areas.
More information on the relationship between integrated development projects
and the protection of the environment is available in Section 5: Sustainability of
the course for the Diploma in Integrated Development.
Click on Kyoto Protocol :
Analysis of possibilities for finance to
see how a menu of 13 CDM methodologies ensure that
projects are CO2 neutral . The methodologies can be applied during project
execution whether or not finance is made available under the
The on-going management of project structures is also
fully sustainable. As social, financial, productive and service structures are
created during project execution they are taken over by the local cooperative for the on-going management of the
project structures. For full information on the management of project
structures, click to see details on the division of responsibilities
amongst the
three administrative levels in each project area.
AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTION AND FOOD SECURITY.
Integrated development projects cover management of
communal lands. Waste recycling structures include the recycling of urine,
composted faeces, and other organic solids with grey water. This alone ensures
sufficient production of a varied diet even in times of drought and crisis. The
menu of 13 CDM
methodologies to be adopted includes
extensive planting of fruit and nut trees, bamboo (shoots for food), and
horseradish for vegetable oils and edible “spinach” leaves during the dry
season. A three-tiered system of cooperative plant nurseries and seed banks is
set up for local use. Structures for the local production of biomass for
mini-briquettes for cooking are created. Water supply structures include
distributed clean drinking water, rainwater harvesting, the recycling of grey
water, and water conservation methods for forests and agricultural lands.
Click
here for more information agricultural production and food security.
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS.
Integrated
development project meet and surpass all of the millennium goals in each
project area, with the exception of vaccinations under Goal 6.
For
more information see :
Millennium Development Goals. How integrated development
projects solve them.
For complete information on how integrated development projects meet the
Millennium Development Goals, see the goal by goal analysis of the services made
available under integrated development projects. This analysis is
part of the Diploma Course.
Integrated
development concepts do not only cover and surpass the Millennium Goals. They
provide for powerful on-going development in each project area. This is dealt
with in detail at the file on on-going development.
FURTHER STUDY MATERIAL.
The attachments to project
documents support project documents. They include information on the
work of the Brazilian sociologist Clodomir Santos de Morais, local money systems, micro-credit systems, some
recommended appropriate technologies, and hygiene education courses.
The index of references to the diploma course in Integrated Development includes a full list
of all resources used in the course. The references are linked to the sections
of the course where they are used. The index of key words used in the diploma course enables students to find the place(s) where the
topics are handled.
MORE INFORMATION :
SOME USEFUL GROUPS OF FILES
Short introductions to
projects and instructions on how to get started. [Short summaries, including an executive
summary, with basic information on projects.
This group of files includes instructions on how to get a project
started. ]
Articles published on specific aspects of the Model.
[The list includes articles on policy aspects, the use of alternative energy,
micro-credits, and drinking water supply. ]
Some draft projects prepared in English and French
using the principles introduced by the Model.
Some appropriate technologies
recommended for use in projects under the Model.
Back to:
"Money
is not the key that opens the gates of the market but the bolt that bars
them."
Gesell,
Silvio, The Natural Economic Order, revised English
edition, Peter Owen, London 1958, page 228
“Poverty is created scarcity”
Wahu Kaara,
point 8 of the Global Call to Action Against Poverty, 58th annual
NGO Conference, United Nations,
"In the end, it's about love for mankind. Freedom begins with love.
Our challenge is to learn to love the world"
Nigerian writer Ben Okri, interview in Ode
Magazine, Dec 2002-Jan 2003, p.49
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