NGO
Another Way (Stichting Bakens Verzet), 1018 AM
Edition
01: 30 October, 2009
Edition
02 : 21 March, 2011
01. E-course : Diploma in Integrated Development (Dip. Int. Dev)
SECTION A : DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS.
Study value :
04 points out of 18.
Indicative
study time: 112 hours out of 504.
Study points are
awarded only after the consolidated exam for Section A : Development
Problems has been passed.
Second block : The problems to be solved.
Study points : 02 points out
of 18
Expected work required: 55 hours
out of 504
The two study points will be
finally awarded on successful completion of the consolidated exam for
Section 1. Analysis of the Millennium Goals. [22
hours]
[18.00 Hours] Analysis of the
Millennium Goals.
[04.00 Hours] Preparation report Section 1 of Block
2.
[18.00 Hours] Analysis of the
services made available by integrated development projects.
[05.00 Hours]
Preparation report Section 2 of Block 2.
Second block : Exam. [ 4 hours each attempt]
Consolidated exam for Section A : Development problems (for
passage to Section B of the course : [ 6 hours each attempt].
Analysis of the
services made available under integrated development projects.[18.00 hours]
01. Eradicate extreme poverty
and hunger.
02. Achieve universal primary education.
03. Promote gender equality
and empower women.
06. Combat HIV/aids, malaria
and other diseases.
07. Target 09 : Ensure
environmental sustainability.
08. Targets 10 and 11 :
Water, sanitation and slums.
09. Develop a global
partnership for development.
[05.00 Hours]
Preparation report Section 2 of Block 2.
Analysis of the
services made available under integrated development projects.[18.00 hours]
08. Targets 10 and 11 :
Water, sanitation and slums. (At least 2 hours)
Refer to slides :
Millennium goal
7 : Ensure environmental sustainabilty.
Target 11 :
Achieve significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by 2020.
On
millennium goal 7 (Targets 10 and 11) read :
The following sections of your analysis in section 1 of block 1 of
the course :
05. Typical drawing of a well
area.
09. Complete waste recycling
system.
10. Eco-san dry composting
toilet.
And your in-depth studies in section 2 of block 1 of the course :
05. Typical drawing of a well
area.
09. Complete waste recycling
system.
10. Eco-san dry composting
toilet.
Refer
also to :
The
various files specific to water and
sanitation facilities of the Model.
You analysis of the Plan for the implementation of the Millennium
Goals : water, sanitation, and
slums.
Section
5 of Block 4 of the course in on the service structures provided by integrated development projects, in particular 01. Water supply structures: organisation ; 02. Water supply structures: technique; 03. Sanitation structures : organisation ;
and 04. Sanitation structures : technique.
The indicators foreseen for target 10 Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable
access to safe drinking water (and adequate sanitation)
of Millennium 7 are :
Indicator 30 : Proportion of the population with sustainable access to an
improved water source (WHO/UNICEF)
Indicator 31 : Proportion de the population with accessed to improved
sanitation. (WHO/UNICEF)
The indicator foreseen for target 11 Achieve significant improvement
in lives of at least 100 million slum
dwellers by 2020 is
Indicator 32 : Proportion of families with access to security of
occupation of their dwellings (UN Habitat)
Integrated development projects under the Model provide for :
Sufficient
clean drinking for all, without exclusion (Details : Block 4, section
5, 01. Drinking water structures:
organisation ; 02. Drinking water structures : technique.)
Local
water points (usually about 200) at tank
commission level, near users’ houses. (Details : Block 4, section 5, 01. Drinking water structures: organisation ; 02. Drinking water structures : technique.)
Back-up
water supply (usually 35 systems) at well commission level :
(Details : Block 4, section 5, 01. Drinking water structures:
organisation ; 02. Drinking water structures : technique.)
Rainwater
harvesting facilities at household level (10.000 households) (Details :
Block 4, section 5, 01. Drinking water structures:
organisation ; 02. Drinking water structures : technique.)
Recycling
of grey water at household level (10.000
households) (Block 4, section 5, 03. Recycling structures : organisation. ; 04. Recycling structures : technique.
Complete
eco-san ecological sanitation systems at each household (10.000 households).
(Block 4, section 5, 03. Sanitation systems:
organisation. ; 04. Sanitation systems : technique.)
Eco-sanitation
systems in schools, clinics and public places. (Block 4, section 5, 03. Sanitation systems: organisation. ; 04. Sanitation systems : technique.)
Waste-recycling
system 100% at lowest possible level
(Block 4, section 5, 05. Waste recycling structures : organisation ;
06. waste recycling structures: technique.
All
of the Model concepts apply equally to slums. (Details, block 6, section 1, Method part 3 : order of
sequence of the actions.)
A
strong priority in favour of pilot projects in rural areas, to begin with.
(Details, block 6, section 1, Method part 3 : order of sequence of the actions.)
Stop
migration from rural areas to the towns. (Details, block 6, section 1, Method part 3 : order of
sequence of the actions.)
Introduce
projects to poor urban areas in a second phase only, to encourage the return of slum-dwellers to
the rural areas of origin where they will enjoy a better quality of life.
(Details, block 6, section 1, Method part 3 : order of sequence of the actions.)
1. Research.
On one page
summarise the water and sanitation services made available to the inhabitants
of each integrated development project
area.
2. Opinion.
Analyse the
water and sanitation services made available to the inhabitants of each project
area. Can you suggest some improvements to them ?
Section 07.07 of the Model provides a costs and benefits analysis which, in
connection with the reduction of loss of environmental resources
includes :
« 01. Drinking water points about 100m away from homes. Average benefit : 1 hour water-fetching
time per day (being 10% of a 10 hour working day x revenue Euro
« 02. Washing places. Benefit 4 hours per week
(or 40% of one day’s work) x revenue Euro 3 = Euro 1,20 x 52
weeks x 10.000 women= Euro 624.000 per
year.
« 03. Reduction of medical costs for people with
water-borne diseases : 50% of the
population (25.000) at least one a year x
average treatment costs Euro 20 = 25000
x Euro 20 = Euro 500.000 per
year.
« 04. Increase in productivity due to reduction
of water-borne diseases : 50% of the adult population (50% of 30.000
adults) x ten days per year x income
Euro
« 05. Reduction in the cost of treatment for
diseases relating to lack of nourishment, inadequate hygiene, smoke in and
around homes etc. : 25% of the population at least once a year x average cost for doctors and medicines Euro
20 = 25000 people x Euro 20 per
treatment = Euro 250.000.
3. Research.
On one page
comment on each of the five items listed above. Give details of other items you
think should be added to the list.
In
notes on the Plan for the Implementation of the Millennium Goals,
on water, sanitation and slums international contributions were
discussed.
4. Opinion.
On one page make
an analysis of the international contribution you think are needed to execute
the interventions provided under integrated development projects according to
the Model.
The concepts applying to integrated development projects under the Model
apply equally well to poor urban areas as they do to rural areas.
On the other hand, one of the basic purposes of
development is to stop migration of people from rural areas to slums in larger
towns, and, eventually, to reverse the trend by encouraging slum dwellers to
return to their areas of origin. Once the execution of this first phase has
been completed, work can be started on doing up the urban slums. However, the
order of sequence for the execution of national or regional plans is a
political choice.
5. Opinion.
On one page
comment on the priorities to be given to rural areas and to poor slum areas
within the framework of the execution of
Regional and National plans according to the Model.
◄ Second
block : Problems to be solved.
